How to resolve “Cannot use import statement outside a module” in jest

问题

I have a React application (not using Create React App) built using TypeScript, Jest, Webpack, and Babel. When trying to run "yarn jest", I get the following error:

I have tried removing all packages and re-adding them. It does not resolve this. I have looked at similar questions and documentation and am still misunderstanding something. I went so far as to follow another guide for setting up this environment from scratch and still received this issue with my code.

Dependencies include...

"dependencies": {
        "@babel/plugin-transform-runtime": "^7.6.2",
        "@babel/polyfill": "^7.6.0",
        "babel-jest": "^24.9.0",
        "react": "^16.8.6",
        "react-dom": "^16.8.6",
        "react-test-renderer": "^16.11.0",
        "source-map-loader": "^0.2.4"
    },
    "devDependencies": {
        "@babel/core": "^7.6.0",
        "@babel/preset-env": "^7.6.0",
        "@babel/preset-react": "^7.0.0",
        "@types/enzyme": "^3.9.2",
        "@types/enzyme-adapter-react-16": "^1.0.5",
        "@types/jest": "^24.0.13",

The component's import lines...

import * as React from "react";
import { BrowserRouter as Router, Route, Switch } from "react-router-dom";
import HomePage from "./components/pages";
import {
    Footer,
    Header,
    Navigation,
} from "./components/shared";

The test file....

import * as React from "react";
import * as renderer from "react-test-renderer";
import App from "../App";

it("Renders the Footer correctly", () => {
    const tree = renderer
        .create(<App />)
        .toJSON();
    expect(tree).toMatchSnapshot();
});

I expected to be able to use named imports in my components without my tests blowing up. It appears to fix the issue if I only use default imports through my solution, but I would prefer to not go that route.

回答1:

Solution: my named imports were coming from index.js files and I believe ts-jest needed them as index.ts files (I'm using Typescript). If anyone else runs into this error, couldn't hurt to check if you derped your file extensions.

I wasted a lot of time on this, unfortunately, but I learned a lot about webpack configurations and Babel.

回答2:

For future references,

I solved the problem by using below jest config, after reading Logan Shoemaker's answer.

module.exports = {
  verbose: true,
  setupFilesAfterEnv: ["<rootDir>src/setupTests.ts"],
  moduleFileExtensions: ["js", "jsx", "ts", "tsx"],
  moduleDirectories: ["node_modules", "src"],
  moduleNameMapper: {
    "\\.(css|less|scss)$": "identity-obj-proxy"
  },
  transform: {
    '^.+\\.(ts|tsx)?$': 'ts-jest',
    "^.+\\.(js|jsx)$": "babel-jest",
    "\\.(jpg|jpeg|png|gif|eot|otf|webp|svg|ttf|woff|woff2|mp4|webm|wav|mp3|m4a|aac|oga)$": "<rootDir>/__mocks__/file.js",
  }
};

回答3:

Use Babel to transpile those JS Modules and you'll be able to write your tests with es6.

Install Babel/preset-env

npm i -D @babel/preset-env

Create a babel configuration file with the preset

//babel.config.js
module.exports = {presets: ['@babel/preset-env']}

来源：https://stackoverflow.com/questions/58613492/how-to-resolve-cannot-use-import-statement-outside-a-module-in-jest

标签

reactjs

jestjs

babeljs

babel-jest

ts-jest