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Get ipconfig result with python in windows

由 柔情痞子 提交于 2019-12-04 17:22:44

the python3 script below is based on the Stephen Rauch one (thanks for the wmic utility pointer it's really handy)

it retrieves only the IP and active interfaces from the computer, handles fields with multiple values (several ips/masks or gateways on one nic), creates IPv4Iinterface or v6 python objects from ip/mask, and ouputs a list with one dict per nic.

#python3
from subprocess import check_output
from xml.etree.ElementTree import fromstring
from ipaddress import IPv4Interface, IPv6Interface

def getNics() :

    cmd = 'wmic.exe nicconfig where "IPEnabled  = True" get ipaddress,MACAddress,IPSubnet,DNSHostName,Caption,DefaultIPGateway /format:rawxml'
    xml_text = check_output(cmd, creationflags=8)
    xml_root = fromstring(xml_text)

    nics = []
    keyslookup = {
        'DNSHostName' : 'hostname',
        'IPAddress' : 'ip',
        'IPSubnet' : '_mask',
        'Caption' : 'hardware',
        'MACAddress' : 'mac',
        'DefaultIPGateway' : 'gateway',
    }

    for nic in xml_root.findall("./RESULTS/CIM/INSTANCE") :
        # parse and store nic info
        n = {
            'hostname':'',
            'ip':[],
            '_mask':[],
            'hardware':'',
            'mac':'',
            'gateway':[],
        }
        for prop in nic :
            name = keyslookup[prop.attrib['NAME']]
            if prop.tag == 'PROPERTY':
                if len(prop):
                    for v in prop:
                        n[name] = v.text
            elif prop.tag == 'PROPERTY.ARRAY':
                for v in prop.findall("./VALUE.ARRAY/VALUE") :
                    n[name].append(v.text)
        nics.append(n)

        # creates python ipaddress objects from ips and masks
        for i in range(len(n['ip'])) :
            arg = '%s/%s'%(n['ip'][i],n['_mask'][i])
            if ':' in n['ip'][i] : n['ip'][i] = IPv6Interface(arg)
            else : n['ip'][i] = IPv4Interface(arg)
        del n['_mask']

    return nics

if __name__ == '__main__':
    nics = getNics()
    for nic in nics :
        for k,v in nic.items() :
            print('%s : %s'%(k,v))
        print()

import it or use it from a cmd prompt :

python.exe getnics.py

will output something like :

hardware : [00000000] Intel(R) Centrino(R) Wireless-N 2230 Driver
gateway : ['192.168.0.254']
ip : [IPv4Interface('192.168.0.40/24'), IPv6Interface('fe80::7403:9e12:f7db:60c/64')]
mac : xx:xx:xx:xx:xx:xx
hostname : mixer

hardware : [00000002] Killer E2200 Gigabit Ethernet Controller
gateway : ['192.168.0.254']
ip : [IPv4Interface('192.168.0.28/24')]
mac : xx:xx:xx:xx:xx:xx
hostname : mixer

tested with windows10. I have some doubts about the mac adress field, with VM or spoofing cases for example, it seems wmic returns one string only, and not an array.

You can retrieve the windows interface information using wmic in XML format, and then convert the xml to a dict. From the resulting dict you can gather any needed information:

def get_interfaces_with_mac_addresses(interface_name_substring=''):
    import subprocess
    import xml.etree.ElementTree

    cmd = 'wmic.exe nic'
    if interface_name_substring:
        cmd += ' where "name like \'%%%s%%\'" ' % interface_name_substring
    cmd += ' get /format:rawxml'

    DETACHED_PROCESS = 8
    xml_text = subprocess.check_output(cmd, creationflags=DETACHED_PROCESS)

    # convert xml text to xml structure
    xml_root = xml.etree.ElementTree.fromstring(xml_text)

    xml_types = dict(
        datetime=str,
        boolean=bool,
        uint16=int,
        uint32=int,
        uint64=int,
        string=str,
    )

    def xml_to_dict(xml_node):
        """ Convert the xml returned from wmic to a dict """
        dict_ = {}
        for child in xml_node:
            name = child.attrib['NAME']
            xml_type = xml_types[child.attrib['TYPE']]

            if child.tag == 'PROPERTY':
                if len(child):
                    for value in child:
                        dict_[name] = xml_type(value.text)
            elif child.tag == 'PROPERTY.ARRAY':
                if len(child):
                    assert False, "This case is not dealt with"
            else:
                assert False, "This case is not dealt with"

        return dict_

    # convert the xml into a list of dict for each interface
    interfaces = [xml_to_dict(x)
                  for x in xml_root.findall("./RESULTS/CIM/INSTANCE")]

    # get only the interfaces which have a mac address
    interfaces_with_mac = [
        intf for intf in interfaces if intf.get('MACAddress')]

    return interfaces_with_mac

This function will return a list of dicts, the desired information can be returned from the resulting dicts:

for intf in get_interfaces_with_mac_addresses('Realtek'):
    print intf['Name'], intf['MACAddress']
标签
python
windows
adapter
ethernet
mac-address
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