Finding original MAC address from Hardware itself

问题

Os:REDHAT LINUX Linux manage: 2.6.18.8-1 #

Is this possible to read MAC address form NIC directly ? I have below code but it just read from above layer but not the card itself !!!

I'm trying to figure out how to find the original MAC address of an ethernet NIC on my linux box. I understand how to find the current MAC address using ifconfig, but if the address has been changed, say by using 'ifconfig eth0 hw ether uu:vv:ww:yy:xx:zz',or I set "permanent" it using vi /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-eth0.this file...I can successfully UP it in REBOOT also. how do I find the original? There must be a way to find it, because it is still burned permanently into the card, but I can't find a tool to read the burned in address. is there any utility for it or command for it? I suppose to write C code for it. but don't know how to do this in above case.

** below code gives my current MAC but not original MAC

#include <stdio.h>              /* Standard I/O */
#include <stdlib.h>             /* Standard Library */
#include <errno.h>              /* Error number and related */


#define ENUMS
#include <sys/socket.h>
#include <net/route.h>
#include <net/if.h>
#include <features.h>           /* for the glibc version number */
#if __GLIBC__ >= 2 && __GLIBC_MINOR >= 1
#include <netpacket/packet.h>
#include <net/ethernet.h>       /* the L2 protocols */
#else
#include <asm/types.h>
#include <linux/if_packet.h>
#include <linux/if_ether.h>     /* The L2 protocols */
#endif
#include <netinet/in.h>
#include <arpa/inet.h>
#include <sys/un.h>
#include <sys/ioctl.h>
#include <netdb.h>


int main( int argc, char * argv[] ){

unsigned char  mac[IFHWADDRLEN];
int i;
    get_local_hwaddr( argv[1], mac );
    for( i = 0; i < IFHWADDRLEN; i++ ){
        printf( "%02X:", (unsigned int)(mac[i]) );
    }

}


int get_local_hwaddr(const char *ifname, unsigned char *mac)
{
    struct ifreq ifr;
    int fd;
    int rv;                     // return value - error value from df or ioctl call

    /* determine the local MAC address */
    strcpy(ifr.ifr_name, ifname);
    fd = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_DGRAM, IPPROTO_IP);
    if (fd < 0)
        rv = fd;
    else {
        rv = ioctl(fd, SIOCGIFHWADDR, &ifr);
        if (rv >= 0)            /* worked okay */
            memcpy(mac, ifr.ifr_hwaddr.sa_data, IFHWADDRLEN);
    }

    return rv;
}

回答1:

Certainly in ethtool 3.1 you can just print the address: ethtool -P|--show-permaddr DEVNAME Show permanent hardware address

e.g.

ethtool -P eth0

Permanent address: 94:de:80:6a:21:25

回答2:

Try cat /sys/class/net/eth0/address or cat /sys/class/net/em1/address if using Fedora. It should work.

The original answer is here: Notes of a Systems Admin

回答3:

The only way to find the original MAC address is to use the same method the network card driver does - unfortunately, I don't believe there is a generic way to tell the driver to provide it's MAC address "as provided by the hardware". Of course, there are cases where there isn't a hardware network card for that particular interface - virtual network drivers for virtualization and when using bridges and software switches for example.

And of course, the hardware may be such that you can't actually read the "original" MAC address when it has been overwritten by software, because there is only one set of registers for the MAC address itself.

I had a quick look at the pcnet32.c drivers (because it's one of the models of network card that I have a rough idea how it works and where the different registers are, etc, so I can see what it does). As far as I can see, it supports no method of actually asking "what is your PROM ethernet address" - the MAC address is read out during the "probe1" section of the module initialization, and stored away. No further access to those hardware registers is made.

回答4:

Well, the old ethernet address remains in the first bytes of the card eeprom (at least for some types of cards), so it is possible to extract it using ethtool

bash$ sudo ethtool -e eth1
Offset      Values
------      ------
0x0000      tt uu ww xx yy zz 79 03 
0x....

where tt:uu:ww:xx:yy:zz is old mac address

回答5:

This may not be the programmatic way, but why not search dmesg. All of my machines' NICs spit out the MAC address at detection time.

Try something like this:

dmesg|grep eth0

Different NICs display the MAC address differently, but the log will always contain the kernel given name of the adapter (in most cases eth0 or wlan0).

回答6:

In Ubuntu 18.4 LTS
First you need to find the network interface names on the computer by command

ls /sys/class/net

My output is

docker0  enp0s31f6  lo

Now you can use the command as discussed above, dont forget the sudo

sudo ethtool -P enp0s31f6

回答7:

This command lists all the ethernet devices and original HW addresses.

dmesg | grep eth | grep IRQ | awk {'print "permanent address of " $5 " " $9'} |tr "," " "

来源：https://stackoverflow.com/questions/14955504/finding-original-mac-address-from-hardware-itself

标签

Linux

sockets

linux-kernel

linux-device-driver

mac-address