What's the best way to store Phone number in Django models

问题

I am storing a phone number in model like this:

phone_number = models.CharField(max_length=12)

User would enter a phone number and I would use the phone number for SMS Authentication This application would be used globally. So I would also need country code. Is CharField a good way to store phone number? And, how do I validate the phone number?

回答1:

You might actually look into the internationally standardized format E.164, recommended by Twilio for example (who have a service and an API for sending SMS or phone-calls via REST requests).

This is likely to be the most universal way to store phone numbers, in particular if you have international numbers work with.

1. Phone by PhoneNumberField

You can use phonenumber_field library. It is port of Google's libphonenumber library, which powers Android's phone number handling https://github.com/stefanfoulis/django-phonenumber-field

In model:

from phonenumber_field.modelfields import PhoneNumberField

class Client(models.Model, Importable):
    phone = PhoneNumberField(null=False, blank=False, unique=True)

In form:

from phonenumber_field.formfields import PhoneNumberField
class ClientForm(forms.Form):
    phone = PhoneNumberField()

Get phone as string from object field:

    client.phone.as_e164 

Normolize phone string (for tests and other staff):

    from phonenumber_field.phonenumber import PhoneNumber
    phone = PhoneNumber.from_string(phone_number=raw_phone, region='RU').as_e164

2. Phone by regexp

One note for your model: E.164 numbers have a max character length of 15.

To validate, you can employ some combination of formatting and then attempting to contact the number immediately to verify.

I believe I used something like the following on my django project:

class ReceiverForm(forms.ModelForm):
    phone_number = forms.RegexField(regex=r'^\+?1?\d{9,15}$', 
                                error_message = ("Phone number must be entered in the format: '+999999999'. Up to 15 digits allowed."))

---

EDIT

It appears that this post has been useful to some folks, and it seems worth it to integrate the comment below into a more full-fledged answer. As per jpotter6, you can do something like the following on your models as well:

models.py:

from django.core.validators import RegexValidator

class PhoneModel(models.Model):
    ...
    phone_regex = RegexValidator(regex=r'^\+?1?\d{9,15}$', message="Phone number must be entered in the format: '+999999999'. Up to 15 digits allowed.")
    phone_number = models.CharField(validators=[phone_regex], max_length=17, blank=True) # validators should be a list

回答2:

Use django-phonenumber-field: https://github.com/stefanfoulis/django-phonenumber-field

pip install django-phonenumber-field

回答3:

Use CharField for phone field in the model and the localflavor app for form validation:

https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/1.7/topics/localflavor/

回答4:

Validation is easy, text them a little code to type in. A CharField is a great way to store it. I wouldn't worry too much about canonicalizing phone numbers.

回答5:

It all depends in what you understand as phone number. Phone numbers are country specific. The localflavors packages for several countries contains their own "phone number field". So if you are ok being country specific you should take a look at localflavor package (class us.models.PhoneNumberField for US case, etc.)

Otherwise you could inspect the localflavors to get the maximun lenght for all countries. Localflavor also has forms fields you could use in conjunction with the country code to validate the phone number.

回答6:

I will describe what I use:

Validation: string contains more than 5 digits.

Cleaning: removing all non digits symbols, write in db only numbers. I'm lucky, because in my country (Russia) everybody has phone numbers with 10 digits. So I store in db only 10 diits. If you are writing multi-country application, then you should make a comprehensive validation.

Rendering: I write custom template tag to render it in template nicely. Or even render it like a picture - it is more safe to prevent sms spam.

回答7:

Others mentioned django-phonenumber-field. To get the display format how you want you need to set PHONENUMBER_DEFAULT_FORMAT setting to "E164", "INTERNATIONAL", "NATIONAL", or "RFC3966", however you want it displayed. See the GitHub source.

回答8:

Use django-phonenumber-field for validation: https://github.com/stefanfoulis/django-phonenumber-field

pip install django-phonenumber-field
pip install phonenumbers

来源：https://stackoverflow.com/questions/19130942/whats-the-best-way-to-store-phone-number-in-django-models