Unsafe类在jdk 源码的多个类中用到,这个类的提供了一些绕开JVM的更底层功能,基于它的实现可以提高效率。但是,它是一把双刃剑:正如它的名字所预示的那样,它是Unsafe的,它所分配的内存需要手动free(不被GC回收)。Unsafe类,提供了JNI某些功能的简单替代:确保高效性的同时,使事情变得更简单。
这篇文章主要是以下文章的整理、翻译。
http://mishadoff.com/blog/java-magic-part-4-sun-dot-misc-dot-unsafe/
1. Unsafe API的大部分方法都是native实现,它由105个方法组成,主要包括以下几类:
(1)Info相关。主要返回某些低级别的内存信息:addressSize(), pageSize()
(2)Objects相关。主要提供Object和它的域操纵方法:allocateInstance(),objectFieldOffset()
(3)Class相关。主要提供Class和它的静态域操纵方法:staticFieldOffset(),defineClass(),defineAnonymousClass(),ensureClassInitialized()
(4)Arrays相关。数组操纵方法:arrayBaseOffset(),arrayIndexScale()
(5)Synchronization相关。主要提供低级别同步原语(如基于CPU的CAS(Compare-And-Swap)原语):monitorEnter(),tryMonitorEnter(),monitorExit(),compareAndSwapInt(),putOrderedInt()
(6)Memory相关。直接内存访问方法(绕过JVM堆直接操纵本地内存):allocateMemory(),copyMemory(),freeMemory(),getAddress(),getInt(),putInt()
2. Unsafe类实例的获取
Unsafe类设计只提供给JVM信任的启动类加载器所使用,是一个典型的单例模式类。它的实例获取方法如下:
public static Unsafe getUnsafe() {
Class cc = sun.reflect.Reflection.getCallerClass(2);
if (cc.getClassLoader() != null)
throw new SecurityException("Unsafe");
return theUnsafe;
}
非启动类加载器直接调用Unsafe.getUnsafe()方法会抛出SecurityException(具体原因涉及JVM类的双亲加载机制)。
解决办法有两个,其一是通过JVM参数-Xbootclasspath指定要使用的类为启动类,另外一个办法就是java反射了。
Field f = Unsafe.class.getDeclaredField("theUnsafe");
f.setAccessible(true);
Unsafe unsafe = (Unsafe) f.get(null);
通过将private单例实例暴力设置accessible为true,然后通过Field的get方法,直接获取一个Object强制转换为Unsafe。在IDE中,这些方法会被标志为Error,可以通过以下设置解决:
Preferences -> Java -> Compiler -> Errors/Warnings ->
Deprecated and restricted API -> Forbidden reference -> Warning
3. Unsafe类“有趣”的应用场景
(1)绕过类初始化方法。当你想要绕过对象构造方法、安全检查器或者没有public的构造方法时,allocateInstance()方法变得非常有用。
class A {
private long a; // not initialized value
public A() {
this.a = 1; // initialization
}
public long a() { return this.a; }
}
以下是构造方法、反射方法和allocateInstance()的对照
A o1 = new A(); // constructor
o1.a(); // prints 1
A o2 = A.class.newInstance(); // reflection
o2.a(); // prints 1
A o3 = (A) unsafe.allocateInstance(A.class); // unsafe
o3.a(); // prints 0
allocateInstance()根本没有进入构造方法,在单例模式时,我们似乎看到了危机。
(2)内存修改
内存修改在c语言中是比较常见的,在Java中,可以用它绕过安全检查器。
考虑以下简单准入检查规则:
class Guard {
private int ACCESS_ALLOWED = 1;
public boolean giveAccess() {
return 42 == ACCESS_ALLOWED;
}
}
在正常情况下,giveAccess总会返回false,但事情不总是这样
Guard guard = new Guard();
guard.giveAccess(); // false, no access
// bypass
Unsafe unsafe = getUnsafe();
Field f = guard.getClass().getDeclaredField("ACCESS_ALLOWED");
unsafe.putInt(guard, unsafe.objectFieldOffset(f), 42); // memory corruption
guard.giveAccess(); // true, access granted
通过计算内存偏移,并使用putInt()方法,类的ACCESS_ALLOWED被修改。在已知类结构的时候,数据的偏移总是可以计算出来(与c++中的类中数据的偏移计算是一致的)。
(3)实现类似C语言的sizeOf()函数
通过结合Java反射和objectFieldOffset()函数实现一个C-like sizeOf()函数。
public static long sizeOf(Object o) {
Unsafe u = getUnsafe();
HashSet fields = new HashSet();
Class c = o.getClass();
while (c != Object.class) {
for (Field f : c.getDeclaredFields()) {
if ((f.getModifiers() & Modifier.STATIC) == 0) {
fields.add(f);
}
}
c = c.getSuperclass();
}
// get offset
long maxSize = 0;
for (Field f : fields) {
long offset = u.objectFieldOffset(f);
if (offset > maxSize) {
maxSize = offset;
}
}
return ((maxSize/8) + 1) * 8; // padding
}
算法的思路非常清晰:从底层子类开始,依次取出它自己和它的所有超类的非静态域,放置到一个HashSet中(重复的只计算一次,Java是单继承),然后使用objectFieldOffset()获得一个最大偏移,最后还考虑了对齐。
在32位的JVM中,可以通过读取class文件偏移为12的long来获取size。
public static long sizeOf(Object object){
return getUnsafe().getAddress(
normalize(getUnsafe().getInt(object, 4L)) + 12L);
}
其中normalize()函数是一个将有符号int转为无符号long的方法
private static long normalize(int value) {
if(value >= 0) return value;
return (0L >>> 32) & value;
}
两个sizeOf()计算的类的尺寸是一致的。最标准的sizeOf()实现是使用java.lang.instrument,但是,它需要指定命令行参数-javaagent。
(4)实现Java浅复制
标准的浅复制方案是实现Cloneable接口或者自己实现的复制函数,它们都不是多用途的函数。通过结合sizeOf()方法,可以实现浅复制。
static Object shallowCopy(Object obj) {
long size = sizeOf(obj);
long start = toAddress(obj);
long address = getUnsafe().allocateMemory(size);
getUnsafe().copyMemory(start, address, size);
return fromAddress(address);
}
以下的toAddress()和fromAddress()分别将对象转换到它的地址以及相反操作。
static long toAddress(Object obj) {
Object[] array = new Object[] {obj};
long baseOffset = getUnsafe().arrayBaseOffset(Object[].class);
return normalize(getUnsafe().getInt(array, baseOffset));
}
static Object fromAddress(long address) {
Object[] array = new Object[] {null};
long baseOffset = getUnsafe().arrayBaseOffset(Object[].class);
getUnsafe().putLong(array, baseOffset, address);
return array[0];
}
以上的浅复制函数可以应用于任意java对象,它的尺寸是动态计算的。
(5)消去内存中的密码
密码字段存储在String中,但是,String的回收是受到JVM管理的。最安全的做法是,在密码字段使用完之后,将它的值覆盖。
Field stringValue = String.class.getDeclaredField("value");
stringValue.setAccessible(true);
char[] mem = (char[]) stringValue.get(password);
for (int i=0; i < mem.length; i++) {
mem[i] = '?';
}
(6)动态加载类
标准的动态加载类的方法是Class.forName()(在编写jdbc程序时,记忆深刻),使用Unsafe也可以动态加载java 的class文件。
byte[] classContents = getClassContent();
Class c = getUnsafe().defineClass(
null, classContents, 0, classContents.length);
c.getMethod("a").invoke(c.newInstance(), null); // 1
getClassContent()方法,将一个class文件,读取到一个byte数组。
private static byte[] getClassContent() throws Exception {
File f = new File("/home/mishadoff/tmp/A.class");
FileInputStream input = new FileInputStream(f);
byte[] content = new byte[(int)f.length()];
input.read(content);
input.close();
return content;
}
动态加载、代理、切片等功能中可以应用。
(7)包装受检异常为运行时异常。
getUnsafe().throwException(new IOException());
当你不希望捕获受检异常时,可以这样做(并不推荐)。
(8)快速序列化
标准的java Serializable速度很慢,它还限制类必须有public无参构造函数。Externalizable好些,它需要为要序列化的类指定模式。流行的高效序列化库,比如kryo依赖于第三方库,会增加内存的消耗。可以通过getInt(),getLong(),getObject()等方法获取类中的域的实际值,将类名称等信息一起持久化到文件。kryo有使用Unsafe的尝试,但是没有具体的性能提升的数据。(http://code.google.com/p/kryo/issues/detail?id=75)
(9)在非Java堆中分配内存
使用java 的new会在堆中为对象分配内存,并且对象的生命周期内,会被JVM GC管理。
class SuperArray {
private final static int BYTE = 1;
private long size;
private long address;
public SuperArray(long size) {
this.size = size;
address = getUnsafe().allocateMemory(size * BYTE);
}
public void set(long i, byte value) {
getUnsafe().putByte(address + i * BYTE, value);
}
public int get(long idx) {
return getUnsafe().getByte(address + idx * BYTE);
}
public long size() {
return size;
}
}
Unsafe分配的内存,不受Integer.MAX_VALUE的限制,并且分配在非堆内存,使用它时,需要非常谨慎:忘记手动回收时,会产生内存泄露;非法的地址访问时,会导致JVM崩溃。在需要分配大的连续区域、实时编程(不能容忍JVM延迟)时,可以使用它。java.nio使用这一技术。
(10)Java并发中的应用
通过使用Unsafe.compareAndSwap()可以用来实现高效的无锁数据结构。
class CASCounter implements Counter {
private volatile long counter = 0;
private Unsafe unsafe;
private long offset;
public CASCounter() throws Exception {
unsafe = getUnsafe();
offset = unsafe.objectFieldOffset(CASCounter.class.getDeclaredField("counter"));
}
@Override
public void increment() {
long before = counter;
while (!unsafe.compareAndSwapLong(this, offset, before, before + 1)) {
before = counter;
}
}
@Override
public long getCounter() {
return counter;
}
}
通过测试,以上数据结构与java的原子变量的效率基本一致,Java原子变量也使用Unsafe的compareAndSwap()方法,而这个方法最终会对应到cpu的对应原语,因此,它的效率非常高。这里有一个实现无锁HashMap的方案(http://www.azulsystems.com/about_us/presentations/lock-free-hash ,这个方案的思路是:分析各个状态,创建拷贝,修改拷贝,使用CAS原语,自旋锁),在普通的服务器机器(核心<32),使用ConcurrentHashMap(JDK8以前,默认16路分离锁实现,JDK8中ConcurrentHashMap已经使用无锁实现)明显已经够用。
//下面是sun.misc.Unsafe.java类源码
package sun.misc;
import java.lang.reflect.Field;
/***
* This class should provide access to low-level operations and its
* use should be limited to trusted code. Fields can be accessed using
* memory addresses, with undefined behaviour occurring if invalid memory
* addresses are given.
* 这个类提供了一个更底层的操作并且应该在受信任的代码中使用。可以通过内存地址
* 存取fields,如果给出的内存地址是无效的那么会有一个不确定的运行表现。
*
* @author Tom Tromey (tromey@redhat.com)
* @author Andrew John Hughes (gnu_andrew@member.fsf.org)
*/
public class Unsafe
{
// Singleton class.
private static Unsafe unsafe = new Unsafe();
/***
* Private default constructor to prevent creation of an arbitrary
* number of instances.
* 使用私有默认构造器防止创建多个实例
*/
private Unsafe()
{
}
/***
* Retrieve the singleton instance of <code>Unsafe</code>. The calling
* method should guard this instance from untrusted code, as it provides
* access to low-level operations such as direct memory access.
* 获取<code>Unsafe</code>的单例,这个方法调用应该防止在不可信的代码中实例,
* 因为unsafe类提供了一个低级别的操作,例如直接内存存取。
*
* @throws SecurityException if a security manager exists and prevents
* access to the system properties.
* 如果安全管理器不存在或者禁止访问系统属性
*/
public static Unsafe getUnsafe()
{
SecurityManager sm = System.getSecurityManager();
if (sm != null)
sm.checkPropertiesAccess();
return unsafe;
}
/***
* Returns the memory address offset of the given static field.
* The offset is merely used as a means to access a particular field
* in the other methods of this class. The value is unique to the given
* field and the same value should be returned on each subsequent call.
* 返回指定静态field的内存地址偏移量,在这个类的其他方法中这个值只是被用作一个访问
* 特定field的一个方式。这个值对于 给定的field是唯一的,并且后续对该方法的调用都应该
* 返回相同的值。
*
* @param field the field whose offset should be returned.
* 需要返回偏移量的field
* @return the offset of the given field.
* 指定field的偏移量
*/
public native long objectFieldOffset(Field field);
/***
* Compares the value of the integer field at the specified offset
* in the supplied object with the given expected value, and updates
* it if they match. The operation of this method should be atomic,
* thus providing an uninterruptible way of updating an integer field.
* 在obj的offset位置比较integer field和期望的值,如果相同则更新。这个方法
* 的操作应该是原子的,因此提供了一种不可中断的方式更新integer field。
*
* @param obj the object containing the field to modify.
* 包含要修改field的对象
* @param offset the offset of the integer field within <code>obj</code>.
* <code>obj</code>中整型field的偏移量
* @param expect the expected value of the field.
* 希望field中存在的值
* @param update the new value of the field if it equals <code>expect</code>.
* 如果期望值expect与field的当前值相同,设置filed的值为这个新值
* @return true if the field was changed.
* 如果field的值被更改
*/
public native boolean compareAndSwapInt(Object obj, long offset,
int expect, int update);
/***
* Compares the value of the long field at the specified offset
* in the supplied object with the given expected value, and updates
* it if they match. The operation of this method should be atomic,
* thus providing an uninterruptible way of updating a long field.
* 在obj的offset位置比较long field和期望的值,如果相同则更新。这个方法
* 的操作应该是原子的,因此提供了一种不可中断的方式更新long field。
*
* @param obj the object containing the field to modify.
* 包含要修改field的对象
* @param offset the offset of the long field within <code>obj</code>.
* <code>obj</code>中long型field的偏移量
* @param expect the expected value of the field.
* 希望field中存在的值
* @param update the new value of the field if it equals <code>expect</code>.
* 如果期望值expect与field的当前值相同,设置filed的值为这个新值
* @return true if the field was changed.
* 如果field的值被更改
*/
public native boolean compareAndSwapLong(Object obj, long offset,
long expect, long update);
/***
* Compares the value of the object field at the specified offset
* in the supplied object with the given expected value, and updates
* it if they match. The operation of this method should be atomic,
* thus providing an uninterruptible way of updating an object field.
* 在obj的offset位置比较object field和期望的值,如果相同则更新。这个方法
* 的操作应该是原子的,因此提供了一种不可中断的方式更新object field。
*
* @param obj the object containing the field to modify.
* 包含要修改field的对象
* @param offset the offset of the object field within <code>obj</code>.
* <code>obj</code>中object型field的偏移量
* @param expect the expected value of the field.
* 希望field中存在的值
* @param update the new value of the field if it equals <code>expect</code>.
* 如果期望值expect与field的当前值相同,设置filed的值为这个新值
* @return true if the field was changed.
* 如果field的值被更改
*/
public native boolean compareAndSwapObject(Object obj, long offset,
Object expect, Object update);
/***
* Sets the value of the integer field at the specified offset in the
* supplied object to the given value. This is an ordered or lazy
* version of <code>putIntVolatile(Object,long,int)</code>, which
* doesn't guarantee the immediate visibility of the change to other
* threads. It is only really useful where the integer field is
* <code>volatile</code>, and is thus expected to change unexpectedly.
* 设置obj对象中offset偏移地址对应的整型field的值为指定值。这是一个有序或者
* 有延迟的<code>putIntVolatile</cdoe>方法,并且不保证值的改变被其他线程立
* 即看到。只有在field被<code>volatile</code>修饰并且期望被意外修改的时候
* 使用才有用。
*
* @param obj the object containing the field to modify.
* 包含需要修改field的对象
* @param offset the offset of the integer field within <code>obj</code>.
* <code>obj</code>中整型field的偏移量
* @param value the new value of the field.
* field将被设置的新值
* @see #putIntVolatile(Object,long,int)
*/
public native void putOrderedInt(Object obj, long offset, int value);
/***
* Sets the value of the long field at the specified offset in the
* supplied object to the given value. This is an ordered or lazy
* version of <code>putLongVolatile(Object,long,long)</code>, which
* doesn't guarantee the immediate visibility of the change to other
* threads. It is only really useful where the long field is
* <code>volatile</code>, and is thus expected to change unexpectedly.
* 设置obj对象中offset偏移地址对应的long型field的值为指定值。这是一个有序或者
* 有延迟的<code>putLongVolatile</cdoe>方法,并且不保证值的改变被其他线程立
* 即看到。只有在field被<code>volatile</code>修饰并且期望被意外修改的时候
* 使用才有用。
*
* @param obj the object containing the field to modify.
* 包含需要修改field的对象
* @param offset the offset of the long field within <code>obj</code>.
* <code>obj</code>中long型field的偏移量
* @param value the new value of the field.
* field将被设置的新值
* @see #putLongVolatile(Object,long,long)
*/
public native void putOrderedLong(Object obj, long offset, long value);
/***
* Sets the value of the object field at the specified offset in the
* supplied object to the given value. This is an ordered or lazy
* version of <code>putObjectVolatile(Object,long,Object)</code>, which
* doesn't guarantee the immediate visibility of the change to other
* threads. It is only really useful where the object field is
* <code>volatile</code>, and is thus expected to change unexpectedly.
* 设置obj对象中offset偏移地址对应的object型field的值为指定值。这是一个有序或者
* 有延迟的<code>putObjectVolatile</cdoe>方法,并且不保证值的改变被其他线程立
* 即看到。只有在field被<code>volatile</code>修饰并且期望被意外修改的时候
* 使用才有用。
*
* @param obj the object containing the field to modify.
* 包含需要修改field的对象
* @param offset the offset of the object field within <code>obj</code>.
* <code>obj</code>中long型field的偏移量
* @param value the new value of the field.
* field将被设置的新值
*/
public native void putOrderedObject(Object obj, long offset, Object value);
/***
* Sets the value of the integer field at the specified offset in the
* supplied object to the given value, with volatile store semantics.
* 设置obj对象中offset偏移地址对应的整型field的值为指定值。支持volatile store语义
*
* @param obj the object containing the field to modify.
* 包含需要修改field的对象
* @param offset the offset of the integer field within <code>obj</code>.
* <code>obj</code>中整型field的偏移量
* @param value the new value of the field.
* field将被设置的新值
*/
public native void putIntVolatile(Object obj, long offset, int value);
/***
* Retrieves the value of the integer field at the specified offset in the
* supplied object with volatile load semantics.
* 获取obj对象中offset偏移地址对应的整型field的值,支持volatile load语义。
*
* @param obj the object containing the field to read.
* 包含需要去读取的field的对象
* @param offset the offset of the integer field within <code>obj</code>.
* <code>obj</code>中整型field的偏移量
*/
public native int getIntVolatile(Object obj, long offset);
/***
* Sets the value of the long field at the specified offset in the
* supplied object to the given value, with volatile store semantics.
* 设置obj对象中offset偏移地址对应的long型field的值为指定值。支持volatile store语义
*
* @param obj the object containing the field to modify.
* 包含需要修改field的对象
* @param offset the offset of the long field within <code>obj</code>.
* <code>obj</code>中long型field的偏移量
* @param value the new value of the field.
* field将被设置的新值
* @see #putLong(Object,long,long)
*/
public native void putLongVolatile(Object obj, long offset, long value);
/***
* Sets the value of the long field at the specified offset in the
* supplied object to the given value.
* 设置obj对象中offset偏移地址对应的long型field的值为指定值。
*
* @param obj the object containing the field to modify.
* 包含需要修改field的对象
* @param offset the offset of the long field within <code>obj</code>.
* <code>obj</code>中long型field的偏移量
* @param value the new value of the field.
* field将被设置的新值
* @see #putLongVolatile(Object,long,long)
*/
public native void putLong(Object obj, long offset, long value);
/***
* Retrieves the value of the long field at the specified offset in the
* supplied object with volatile load semantics.
* 获取obj对象中offset偏移地址对应的long型field的值,支持volatile load语义。
*
* @param obj the object containing the field to read.
* 包含需要去读取的field的对象
* @param offset the offset of the long field within <code>obj</code>.
* <code>obj</code>中long型field的偏移量
* @see #getLong(Object,long)
*/
public native long getLongVolatile(Object obj, long offset);
/***
* Retrieves the value of the long field at the specified offset in the
* supplied object.
* 获取obj对象中offset偏移地址对应的long型field的值
*
* @param obj the object containing the field to read.
* 包含需要去读取的field的对象
* @param offset the offset of the long field within <code>obj</code>.
* <code>obj</code>中long型field的偏移量
* @see #getLongVolatile(Object,long)
*/
public native long getLong(Object obj, long offset);
/***
* Sets the value of the object field at the specified offset in the
* supplied object to the given value, with volatile store semantics.
* 设置obj对象中offset偏移地址对应的object型field的值为指定值。支持volatile store语义
*
* @param obj the object containing the field to modify.
* 包含需要修改field的对象
* @param offset the offset of the object field within <code>obj</code>.
* <code>obj</code>中object型field的偏移量
* @param value the new value of the field.
* field将被设置的新值
* @see #putObject(Object,long,Object)
*/
public native void putObjectVolatile(Object obj, long offset, Object value);
/***
* Sets the value of the object field at the specified offset in the
* supplied object to the given value.
* 设置obj对象中offset偏移地址对应的object型field的值为指定值。
*
* @param obj the object containing the field to modify.
* 包含需要修改field的对象
* @param offset the offset of the object field within <code>obj</code>.
* <code>obj</code>中object型field的偏移量
* @param value the new value of the field.
* field将被设置的新值
* @see #putObjectVolatile(Object,long,Object)
*/
public native void putObject(Object obj, long offset, Object value);
/***
* Retrieves the value of the object field at the specified offset in the
* supplied object with volatile load semantics.
* 获取obj对象中offset偏移地址对应的object型field的值,支持volatile load语义。
*
* @param obj the object containing the field to read.
* 包含需要去读取的field的对象
* @param offset the offset of the object field within <code>obj</code>.
* <code>obj</code>中object型field的偏移量
*/
public native Object getObjectVolatile(Object obj, long offset);
/***
* Returns the offset of the first element for a given array class.
* To access elements of the array class, this value may be used along with
* with that returned by
* <a href="#arrayIndexScale"><code>arrayIndexScale</code></a>,
* if non-zero.
* 获取给定数组中第一个元素的偏移地址。
* 为了存取数组中的元素,这个偏移地址与<a href="#arrayIndexScale"><code>arrayIndexScale
* </code></a>方法的非0返回值一起被使用。
* @param arrayClass the class for which the first element's address should
* be obtained.
* 第一个元素地址被获取的class
* @return the offset of the first element of the array class.
* 数组第一个元素 的偏移地址
* @see arrayIndexScale(Class)
*/
public native int arrayBaseOffset(Class arrayClass);
/***
* Returns the scale factor used for addressing elements of the supplied
* array class. Where a suitable scale factor can not be returned (e.g.
* for primitive types), zero should be returned. The returned value
* can be used with
* <a href="#arrayBaseOffset"><code>arrayBaseOffset</code></a>
* to access elements of the class.
* 获取用户给定数组寻址的换算因子.一个合适的换算因子不能返回的时候(例如:基本类型),
* 返回0.这个返回值能够与<a href="#arrayBaseOffset"><code>arrayBaseOffset</code>
* </a>一起使用去存取这个数组class中的元素
*
* @param arrayClass the class whose scale factor should be returned.
* @return the scale factor, or zero if not supported for this array class.
*/
public native int arrayIndexScale(Class arrayClass);
/***
* Releases the block on a thread created by
* <a href="#park"><code>park</code></a>. This method can also be used
* to terminate a blockage caused by a prior call to <code>park</code>.
* This operation is unsafe, as the thread must be guaranteed to be
* live. This is true of Java, but not native code.
* 释放被<a href="#park"><code>park</code></a>创建的在一个线程上的阻塞.这个
* 方法也可以被使用来终止一个先前调用<code>park</code>导致的阻塞.
* 这个操作操作时不安全的,因此线程必须保证是活的.这是java代码不是native代码。
* @param thread the thread to unblock.
* 要解除阻塞的线程
*/
public native void unpark(Thread thread);
/***
* Blocks the thread until a matching
* <a href="#unpark"><code>unpark</code></a> occurs, the thread is
* interrupted or the optional timeout expires. If an <code>unpark</code>
* call has already occurred, this also counts. A timeout value of zero
* is defined as no timeout. When <code>isAbsolute</code> is
* <code>true</code>, the timeout is in milliseconds relative to the
* epoch. Otherwise, the value is the number of nanoseconds which must
* occur before timeout. This call may also return spuriously (i.e.
* for no apparent reason).
* 阻塞一个线程直到<a href="#unpark"><code>unpark</code></a>出现、线程
* 被中断或者timeout时间到期。如果一个<code>unpark</code>调用已经出现了,
* 这里只计数。timeout为0表示永不过期.当<code>isAbsolute</code>为true时,
* timeout是相对于新纪元之后的毫秒。否则这个值就是超时前的纳秒数。这个方法执行时
* 也可能不合理地返回(没有具体原因)
*
* @param isAbsolute true if the timeout is specified in milliseconds from
* the epoch.
* 如果为true timeout的值是一个相对于新纪元之后的毫秒数
* @param time either the number of nanoseconds to wait, or a time in
* milliseconds from the epoch to wait for.
* 可以是一个要等待的纳秒数,或者是一个相对于新纪元之后的毫秒数直到
* 到达这个时间点
*/
public native void park(boolean isAbsolute, long time);
}
来源:oschina
链接:https://my.oschina.net/u/3071470/blog/3000980