Prevent globbing after variable substitution

问题

What is the most elegant way to use shell variable (BASH) that contain characters reserved for globbing (filename completion) that trigger some unwanted substitutions? Here is the example:

for file in $(cat files); do
   command1 < "$file"
   echo "$file"
done

The file names contain characters like '[' or ']'. I have basically two ideas:

1) Turn off globbing via set -f: I need it somewhere else

2) Escape the file names in files: BASH complains about "file not found" when piping into stdin

Thx for any suggestion

Edit: The only answer missing is how to read from a file with name containing special characters used for globbing when the filename is in a shell variable "$file", e. g. command1 < "$file".

回答1:

As an alternative to switching between set -f and set +f you could perhaps just apply a single set -f to a subshell since the environment of the parent shell would not by affected by this at all:

(
set -f
for file in $(cat files); do
   command1 < "$file"
   echo "$file"
done
)


# or even

sh -f -c '
   for file in $(cat files); do
      command1 < "$file"
      echo "$file"
   done
'

回答2:

You can turn off globbing with set -f, then turn it back on later in the script with set +f.

回答3:

Use while read instead.

cat files | while read file; do
    command1 < "$file"
    echo "$file"
done

来源：https://stackoverflow.com/questions/10452107/prevent-globbing-after-variable-substitution