问题
I've got a bunch of little Raspberry Pis running some python code which saves directly to the Datastore (skips GAE) using the gcloud-python datastore package. This works great. I now want to present the data via web and mobile clients using Google App Engine. On my MacBook I installed GAE using the installer and gcloud via pip. I can write a simple python script and execute it directly from the terminal which is able to write and read from the datastore via gcloud - that also works just fine.
However, when I try to incorporate that same code into GAE it fails. Based on my research, I expect that it is a PATH issue but after several hours of various attempts I am unable to resolve this. Suggestions would be appreciated.
I believe this post is similar to my issue: Google App Engine, Change which python version
Here are some pieces of information which may be relevant:
Python version
$ which python
/usr/bin/python
Per the referenced Stack Overflow issue I set the preferences of GAE to have a Python Path of /usr/bin/python. I have tried it
$PATH
$ echo $PATH
/Users/sheridangray/Projects/adt-bundle-mac-x86_64-20140702/sdk/google-cloud-sdk/bin:/Users/sheridangray/bin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/bin:/bin:/usr/sbin:/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/opt/X11/bin
os.path from Python interpreter
$ python
Python 2.7.6 (default, Sep 9 2014, 15:04:36)
[GCC 4.2.1 Compatible Apple LLVM 6.0 (clang-600.0.39)] on darwin
Type "help", "copyright", "credits" or "license" for more information.
>>> import os
>>> os.path
<module 'posixpath' from '/System/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/posixpath.pyc'>
gcloud installation
$ pip install --upgrade gcloud
Requirement already up-to-date: gcloud in /Library/Python/2.7/site-packages
...
Python 2.7 references
$ sudo find / -name python2.7
Password:
/Applications/Dropbox.app/Contents/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/include/python2.7
/Applications/Dropbox.app/Contents/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7
/Applications/Dropbox.app/Contents/Resources/include/python2.7
/Applications/Dropbox.app/Contents/Resources/lib/python2.7
/Applications/Xcode.app/Contents/Developer/Platforms/MacOSX.platform/Developer/SDKs/MacOSX10.10.sdk/System/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/include/python2.7
/Applications/Xcode.app/Contents/Developer/Platforms/MacOSX.platform/Developer/SDKs/MacOSX10.10.sdk/System/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7
/Applications/Xcode.app/Contents/Developer/Platforms/MacOSX.platform/Developer/SDKs/MacOSX10.10.sdk/usr/include/python2.7
/Applications/Xcode.app/Contents/Developer/Platforms/MacOSX.platform/Developer/SDKs/MacOSX10.10.sdk/usr/lib/python2.7
find: /dev/fd/3: Not a directory
find: /dev/fd/4: Not a directory
/System/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/bin/python2.7
/System/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/include/python2.7
/System/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7
/usr/bin/python2.7
/usr/lib/python2.7
Relevant Code
from gcloud import datastore
class MainHandler(webapp.RequestHandler):
def get(self):
dataset = datastore.get_dataset(dataset_id, email_address, private_key_file)
GAE Log File
*** Running dev_appserver with the following flags:
--skip_sdk_update_check=yes --port=8080 --admin_port=8000
Python command: /usr/bin/python
INFO 2014-11-21 09:02:03,276 devappserver2.py:745] Skipping SDK update check.
INFO 2014-11-21 09:02:03,288 api_server.py:172] Starting API server at: http://localhost:49183
INFO 2014-11-21 09:02:03,292 dispatcher.py:185] Starting module "default" running at: http://localhost:8080
INFO 2014-11-21 09:02:03,294 admin_server.py:118] Starting admin server at: http://localhost:8000
INFO 2014-11-21 09:02:34,319 module.py:709] default: "GET / HTTP/1.1" 200 2
INFO 2014-11-21 09:02:34,455 module.py:709] default: "GET /favicon.ico HTTP/1.1" 200 8348
INFO 2014-11-21 09:02:44,359 module.py:387] Detected file changes:
/Users/sheridangray/Projects/city-pulse-web/main.py
ERROR 2014-11-21 09:02:46,443 webapp2.py:1552] gcloud
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "/Users/sheridangray/Projects/adt-bundle-mac-x86_64-20140702/sdk/google-cloud-sdk/platform/GoogleAppEngineLauncher.app/Contents/Resources/GoogleAppEngine-default.bundle/Contents/Resources/google_appengine/lib/webapp2-2.5.2/webapp2.py", line 1535, in __call__
rv = self.handle_exception(request, response, e)
File "/Users/sheridangray/Projects/adt-bundle-mac-x86_64-20140702/sdk/google-cloud-sdk/platform/GoogleAppEngineLauncher.app/Contents/Resources/GoogleAppEngine-default.bundle/Contents/Resources/google_appengine/lib/webapp2-2.5.2/webapp2.py", line 1529, in __call__
rv = self.router.dispatch(request, response)
File "/Users/sheridangray/Projects/adt-bundle-mac-x86_64-20140702/sdk/google-cloud-sdk/platform/GoogleAppEngineLauncher.app/Contents/Resources/GoogleAppEngine-default.bundle/Contents/Resources/google_appengine/lib/webapp2-2.5.2/webapp2.py", line 1278, in default_dispatcher
return route.handler_adapter(request, response)
File "/Users/sheridangray/Projects/adt-bundle-mac-x86_64-20140702/sdk/google-cloud-sdk/platform/GoogleAppEngineLauncher.app/Contents/Resources/GoogleAppEngine-default.bundle/Contents/Resources/google_appengine/lib/webapp2-2.5.2/webapp2.py", line 1102, in __call__
return handler.dispatch()
File "/Users/sheridangray/Projects/adt-bundle-mac-x86_64-20140702/sdk/google-cloud-sdk/platform/GoogleAppEngineLauncher.app/Contents/Resources/GoogleAppEngine-default.bundle/Contents/Resources/google_appengine/lib/webapp2-2.5.2/webapp2.py", line 572, in dispatch
return self.handle_exception(e, self.app.debug)
File "/Users/sheridangray/Projects/adt-bundle-mac-x86_64-20140702/sdk/google-cloud-sdk/platform/GoogleAppEngineLauncher.app/Contents/Resources/GoogleAppEngine-default.bundle/Contents/Resources/google_appengine/lib/webapp2-2.5.2/webapp2.py", line 570, in dispatch
return method(*args, **kwargs)
File "/Users/sheridangray/Projects/city-pulse-web/main.py", line 63, in get
dataset = datastore.get_dataset(dataset_id, email_address, private_key_file)
File "/System/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/gcloud/datastore/__init__.py", line 103, in get_dataset
connection = get_connection(client_email, private_key_path)
File "/System/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/gcloud/datastore/__init__.py", line 65, in get_connection
from gcloud.datastore.connection import Connection
File "/System/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/gcloud/datastore/connection.py", line 3, in <module>
from gcloud import connection
File "/System/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/gcloud/connection.py", line 8, in <module>
class Connection(object):
File "/System/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/gcloud/connection.py", line 24, in Connection
USER_AGENT = "gcloud-python/{0}".format(get_distribution('gcloud').version)
File "/Users/sheridangray/Projects/adt-bundle-mac-x86_64-20140702/sdk/google-cloud-sdk/platform/GoogleAppEngineLauncher.app/Contents/Resources/GoogleAppEngine-default.bundle/Contents/Resources/google_appengine/lib/setuptools-0.6c11/pkg_resources.py", line 311, in get_distribution
if isinstance(dist,Requirement): dist = get_provider(dist)
File "/Users/sheridangray/Projects/adt-bundle-mac-x86_64-20140702/sdk/google-cloud-sdk/platform/GoogleAppEngineLauncher.app/Contents/Resources/GoogleAppEngine-default.bundle/Contents/Resources/google_appengine/lib/setuptools-0.6c11/pkg_resources.py", line 197, in get_provider
return working_set.find(moduleOrReq) or require(str(moduleOrReq))[0]
File "/Users/sheridangray/Projects/adt-bundle-mac-x86_64-20140702/sdk/google-cloud-sdk/platform/GoogleAppEngineLauncher.app/Contents/Resources/GoogleAppEngine-default.bundle/Contents/Resources/google_appengine/lib/setuptools-0.6c11/pkg_resources.py", line 666, in require
needed = self.resolve(parse_requirements(requirements))
File "/Users/sheridangray/Projects/adt-bundle-mac-x86_64-20140702/sdk/google-cloud-sdk/platform/GoogleAppEngineLauncher.app/Contents/Resources/GoogleAppEngine-default.bundle/Contents/Resources/google_appengine/lib/setuptools-0.6c11/pkg_resources.py", line 565, in resolve
raise DistributionNotFound(req) # XXX put more info here
DistributionNotFound: gcloud
INFO 2014-11-21 09:02:46,456 module.py:709] default: "GET / HTTP/1.1" 500 5010
INFO 2014-11-21 09:02:46,514 module.py:709] default: "GET /favicon.ico HTTP/1.1" 304 -
回答1:
You can run gcloud-python on App Engine, but it requires a
little extra work. Check out a skeleton project I wrote
which gets this working.
The main bases to cover are:
Getting the dependencies
In install_gcloud.sh, pip is used to install gcloud and its
dependencies inside the application using
pip install --target="application/vendor/" gcloud
(As mentioned in the other answer, local installs don't get uploaded to App Engine on deploy.)
Modifying the dependencies
By pip-installing with --target set, pkg_resources.get_distribution
will work as expected (it failed in your stack trace).
In addition pytz by default has too many reads to work well on
App Engine, so gae-pytz is used instead. As a result, some pytz
imports need to be modified.
In addition, to reduce a Compute Engine check overhead (network overhead),
the oauth2client.client module can be modified.
Both of these tweaks can be found in a single commit.
Making Imports Work
The script above puts all dependencies in a directory called vendor/ and
appengine_config.py adds this to the import path via
Darth Vendor:
import darth
darth.vendor('vendor')
In addition, since the protobuf dependency is also part of the
google package (just like all the App Engine imports, e.g.
google.appengine.ext.ndb) you need to modify the __path__
associated with that package:
import os
import google
curr_dir = os.path.abspath(os.path.dirname(__file__))
vendor_dir = os.path.join(curr_dir, 'vendor')
google.__path__.append(os.path.join(vendor_dir, 'google'))
CAVEAT (as of January 22, 2015)
Be very aware that using gcloud-python within App Engine will be
3-5x slower than using the native App Engine libraries db or ndb.
This is because those use direct RPCs into the App Engine runtime while
gcloud-python will use HTTP outside of App Engine to talk to the Cloud
Datastore API.
NOTE: I updated this after the initial posting, which referenced a previous point in history.
回答2:
GAE on your Mac can't access Python packages installed in the default place on your Mac. You need to do this:
ln -s /Library/Python/2.7/site-packages/.../gcloud /Users/sheridangray/Projects/city-pulse-web/gcloud
(need to replace ... with the relevant path info)
来源：https://stackoverflow.com/questions/27057935/using-gcloud-python-in-gae