问题
Apparently, it is possible to declare a function returning const void:
const void foo()
{
}
g++ seems to consider the const important, because the following code does not compile:
#include <type_traits>
static_assert(std::is_same<void(), const void()>::value, "const matters");
So does const void have any practical significance?
回答1:
Not really. But to ignore cv-qualifications on void or to make them errors could create unnecessary complexity in terms of both compiler implementation and end-user code. Consider templates like
template<typename T>
const T ...
There's no reason to make using void in that scenario a special case (more than it already is), it would just create headaches.
Also, while const void isn't helpful, const void* has its uses.
回答2:
const void is allowed simply because there is no point making the compiler kick out this one exception to a general rule and it does no harm to leave it in.
There is some discussion above that const void* is not very useful:
How useful is const void *? I can see how void * const could be, but not the former. –Spidey
In fact const void* is sometimes essential.
It declares that the thing being pointed to is read only as opposed to void* const which only declares that the pointer itself is constant but not the thing it points to.
From my experience, the pointer to constant using const void* is the more useful of the two forms. Of course, there is also const void* const meaning that both the pointer and the thing it points to are constant.
void* is normally used as a way to pass non-specific pointers around (e.g. with memcpy()).
If you want to pass a const char* to such a function then you cannot use void* or you lose the fact that the thing it points to is constant and cannot be altered. Current C++ compilers will refuse to compile that as it would have to implicitly cast the const away, and rightfully so as this data might be in read-only memory and possibly cause an exception if anything tries to write to it.
This is why the second argument to memcpy() is const void* and not simply void*.
来源：https://stackoverflow.com/questions/5057987/whats-the-point-of-const-void