问题
I've got the URI like this:
https://google.com.ua/oauth/authorize?client_id=SS&response_type=code&scope=N_FULL&access_type=offline&redirect_uri=http://localhost/Callback
I need a collection with parsed elements:
NAME VALUE
------------------------
client_id SS
response_type code
scope N_FULL
access_type offline
redirect_uri http://localhost/Callback
To be exact, I need a Java equivalent for C# HttpUtility.ParseQueryString Method. Please, give me an advice on this. Thanks.
回答1:
If you are looking for a way to achieve it without using an external library, the following code will help you.
public static Map<String, String> splitQuery(URL url) throws UnsupportedEncodingException {
Map<String, String> query_pairs = new LinkedHashMap<String, String>();
String query = url.getQuery();
String[] pairs = query.split("&");
for (String pair : pairs) {
int idx = pair.indexOf("=");
query_pairs.put(URLDecoder.decode(pair.substring(0, idx), "UTF-8"), URLDecoder.decode(pair.substring(idx + 1), "UTF-8"));
}
return query_pairs;
}
You can access the returned Map using <map>.get("client_id"), with the URL given in your question this would return "SS".
UPDATE URL-Decoding added
UPDATE As this answer is still quite popular, I made an improved version of the method above, which handles multiple parameters with the same key and parameters with no value as well.
public static Map<String, List<String>> splitQuery(URL url) throws UnsupportedEncodingException {
final Map<String, List<String>> query_pairs = new LinkedHashMap<String, List<String>>();
final String[] pairs = url.getQuery().split("&");
for (String pair : pairs) {
final int idx = pair.indexOf("=");
final String key = idx > 0 ? URLDecoder.decode(pair.substring(0, idx), "UTF-8") : pair;
if (!query_pairs.containsKey(key)) {
query_pairs.put(key, new LinkedList<String>());
}
final String value = idx > 0 && pair.length() > idx + 1 ? URLDecoder.decode(pair.substring(idx + 1), "UTF-8") : null;
query_pairs.get(key).add(value);
}
return query_pairs;
}
UPDATE Java8 version
public Map<String, List<String>> splitQuery(URL url) {
if (Strings.isNullOrEmpty(url.getQuery())) {
return Collections.emptyMap();
}
return Arrays.stream(url.getQuery().split("&"))
.map(this::splitQueryParameter)
.collect(Collectors.groupingBy(SimpleImmutableEntry::getKey, LinkedHashMap::new, mapping(Map.Entry::getValue, toList())));
}
public SimpleImmutableEntry<String, String> splitQueryParameter(String it) {
final int idx = it.indexOf("=");
final String key = idx > 0 ? it.substring(0, idx) : it;
final String value = idx > 0 && it.length() > idx + 1 ? it.substring(idx + 1) : null;
return new SimpleImmutableEntry<>(key, value);
}
Running the above method with the URL
https://stackoverflow.com?param1=value1¶m2=¶m3=value3¶m3
returns this Map:
{param1=["value1"], param2=[null], param3=["value3", null]}
回答2:
org.apache.http.client.utils.URLEncodedUtils
is a well known library that can do it for you
import org.apache.hc.client5.http.utils.URLEncodedUtils
String url = "http://www.example.com/something.html?one=1&two=2&three=3&three=3a";
List<NameValuePair> params = URLEncodedUtils.parse(new URI(url), Charset.forName("UTF-8"));
for (NameValuePair param : params) {
System.out.println(param.getName() + " : " + param.getValue());
}
Outputs
one : 1
two : 2
three : 3
three : 3a
回答3:
If you are using Spring Framework:
public static void main(String[] args) {
String uri = "http://my.test.com/test?param1=ab¶m2=cd¶m2=ef";
MultiValueMap<String, String> parameters =
UriComponentsBuilder.fromUriString(uri).build().getQueryParams();
List<String> param1 = parameters.get("param1");
List<String> param2 = parameters.get("param2");
System.out.println("param1: " + param1.get(0));
System.out.println("param2: " + param2.get(0) + "," + param2.get(1));
}
You will get:
param1: ab
param2: cd,ef
回答4:
use google Guava and do it in 2 lines:
import java.util.Map;
import com.google.common.base.Splitter;
public class Parser {
public static void main(String... args) {
String uri = "https://google.com.ua/oauth/authorize?client_id=SS&response_type=code&scope=N_FULL&access_type=offline&redirect_uri=http://localhost/Callback";
String query = uri.split("\\?")[1];
final Map<String, String> map = Splitter.on('&').trimResults().withKeyValueSeparator('=').split(query);
System.out.println(map);
}
}
which gives you
{client_id=SS, response_type=code, scope=N_FULL, access_type=offline, redirect_uri=http://localhost/Callback}
回答5:
The shortest way I've found is this one:
MultiValueMap<String, String> queryParams =
UriComponentsBuilder.fromUriString(url).build().getQueryParams();
UPDATE: UriComponentsBuilder comes from Spring. Here the link.
回答6:
For Android, if you are using OkHttp in your project. You might get a look at this. It simple and helpful.
final HttpUrl url = HttpUrl.parse(query);
if (url != null) {
final String target = url.queryParameter("target");
final String id = url.queryParameter("id");
}
回答7:
If you're using Java 8 and you're willing to write a few reusable methods, you can do it in one line.
private Map<String, List<String>> parse(final String query) {
return Arrays.asList(query.split("&")).stream().map(p -> p.split("=")).collect(Collectors.toMap(s -> decode(index(s, 0)), s -> Arrays.asList(decode(index(s, 1))), this::mergeLists));
}
private <T> List<T> mergeLists(final List<T> l1, final List<T> l2) {
List<T> list = new ArrayList<>();
list.addAll(l1);
list.addAll(l2);
return list;
}
private static <T> T index(final T[] array, final int index) {
return index >= array.length ? null : array[index];
}
private static String decode(final String encoded) {
try {
return encoded == null ? null : URLDecoder.decode(encoded, "UTF-8");
} catch(final UnsupportedEncodingException e) {
throw new RuntimeException("Impossible: UTF-8 is a required encoding", e);
}
}
But that's a pretty brutal line.
回答8:
Java 8 one statement
Given the URL to analyse:
URL url = new URL("https://google.com.ua/oauth/authorize?client_id=SS&response_type=code&scope=N_FULL&access_type=offline&redirect_uri=http://localhost/Callback");
This solution collects a list of pairs:
List<AbstractMap.SimpleEntry<String, String>> list =
Pattern.compile("&").splitAsStream(url.getQuery())
.map(s -> Arrays.copyOf(s.split("="), 2))
.map(o -> new AbstractMap.SimpleEntry<String, String>(decode(o[0]), decode(o[1])))
.collect(toList());
This solution on the other hand collects a map (given that in a url there can be more parameters with same name but different values).
Map<String, List<String>> list =
Pattern.compile("&").splitAsStream(url.getQuery())
.map(s -> Arrays.copyOf(s.split("="), 2))
.collect(groupingBy(s -> decode(s[0]), mapping(s -> decode(s[1]), toList())));
Both the solutions must use an utility function to properly decode the parameters.
private static String decode(final String encoded) {
try {
return encoded == null ? null : URLDecoder.decode(encoded, "UTF-8");
} catch(final UnsupportedEncodingException e) {
throw new RuntimeException("Impossible: UTF-8 is a required encoding", e);
}
}
回答9:
If you are using servlet doGet try this
request.getParameterMap()
Returns a java.util.Map of the parameters of this request.
Returns: an immutable java.util.Map containing parameter names as keys and parameter values as map values. The keys in the parameter map are of type String. The values in the parameter map are of type String array.
(Java doc)
回答10:
Using above mentioned comments and solutions, I am storing all the query parameters using Map<String, Object> where Objects either can be string or Set<String>. The solution is given below. It is recommended to use some kind of url validator to validate the url first and then call convertQueryStringToMap method.
private static final String DEFAULT_ENCODING_SCHEME = "UTF-8";
public static Map<String, Object> convertQueryStringToMap(String url) throws UnsupportedEncodingException, URISyntaxException {
List<NameValuePair> params = URLEncodedUtils.parse(new URI(url), DEFAULT_ENCODING_SCHEME);
Map<String, Object> queryStringMap = new HashMap<>();
for(NameValuePair param : params){
queryStringMap.put(param.getName(), handleMultiValuedQueryParam(queryStringMap, param.getName(), param.getValue()));
}
return queryStringMap;
}
private static Object handleMultiValuedQueryParam(Map responseMap, String key, String value) {
if (!responseMap.containsKey(key)) {
return value.contains(",") ? new HashSet<String>(Arrays.asList(value.split(","))) : value;
} else {
Set<String> queryValueSet = responseMap.get(key) instanceof Set ? (Set<String>) responseMap.get(key) : new HashSet<String>();
if (value.contains(",")) {
queryValueSet.addAll(Arrays.asList(value.split(",")));
} else {
queryValueSet.add(value);
}
return queryValueSet;
}
}
回答11:
I had a go at a Kotlin version seeing how this is the top result in Google.
@Throws(UnsupportedEncodingException::class)
fun splitQuery(url: URL): Map<String, List<String>> {
val queryPairs = LinkedHashMap<String, ArrayList<String>>()
url.query.split("&".toRegex())
.dropLastWhile { it.isEmpty() }
.map { it.split('=') }
.map { it.getOrEmpty(0).decodeToUTF8() to it.getOrEmpty(1).decodeToUTF8() }
.forEach { (key, value) ->
if (!queryPairs.containsKey(key)) {
queryPairs[key] = arrayListOf(value)
} else {
if(!queryPairs[key]!!.contains(value)) {
queryPairs[key]!!.add(value)
}
}
}
return queryPairs
}
And the extension methods
fun List<String>.getOrEmpty(index: Int) : String {
return getOrElse(index) {""}
}
fun String.decodeToUTF8(): String {
URLDecoder.decode(this, "UTF-8")
}
回答12:
On Android, there is a Uri class in package android.net . Note that Uri is part of android.net, while URI is part of java.net .
Uri class has many functions to extract key-value pairs from a query.
Following function returns key-value pairs in the form of HashMap.
In Java:
Map<String, String> getQueryKeyValueMap(Uri uri){
HashMap<String, String> keyValueMap = new HashMap();
String key;
String value;
Set<String> keyNamesList = uri.getQueryParameterNames();
Iterator iterator = keyNamesList.iterator();
while (iterator.hasNext()){
key = (String) iterator.next();
value = uri.getQueryParameter(key);
keyValueMap.put(key, value);
}
return keyValueMap;
}
In Kotlin:
fun getQueryKeyValueMap(uri: Uri): HashMap<String, String> {
val keyValueMap = HashMap<String, String>()
var key: String
var value: String
val keyNamesList = uri.queryParameterNames
val iterator = keyNamesList.iterator()
while (iterator.hasNext()) {
key = iterator.next() as String
value = uri.getQueryParameter(key) as String
keyValueMap.put(key, value)
}
return keyValueMap
}
回答13:
Just an update to the Java 8 version
public Map<String, List<String>> splitQuery(URL url) {
if (Strings.isNullOrEmpty(url.getQuery())) {
return Collections.emptyMap();
}
return Arrays.stream(url.getQuery().split("&"))
.map(this::splitQueryParameter)
.collect(Collectors.groupingBy(SimpleImmutableEntry::getKey, LinkedHashMap::new, **Collectors**.mapping(Map.Entry::getValue, **Collectors**.toList())));
}
mapping and toList() methods have to be used with Collectors which was not mentioned in the top answer. Otherwise it would throw compilation error in IDE
回答14:
A ready-to-use solution for decoding of URI query part (incl. decoding and multi parameter values)
Comments
I wasn't happy with the code provided by @Pr0gr4mm3r in https://stackoverflow.com/a/13592567/1211082 . The Stream-based solution does not do URLDecoding, the mutable version clumpsy.
Thus I elaborated a solution that
- Can decompose a URI query part into a
Map<String, List<Optional<String>>> - Can handle multiple values for the same parameter name
- Can represent parameters without a value properly (
Optional.empty()instead ofnull) - Decodes parameter names and values correctly via
URLdecode - Is based on Java 8 Streams
- Is directly usable (see code including imports below)
- Allows for proper error handling (here via turning a checked exception
UnsupportedEncodingExceptioninto a runtime exceptionRuntimeUnsupportedEncodingExceptionthat allows interplay with stream. (Wrapping regular function into functions throwing checked exceptions is a pain. And ScalaTryis not available in the Java language default.)
Java Code
import java.io.UnsupportedEncodingException;
import java.net.URLDecoder;
import java.util.*;
import static java.util.stream.Collectors.*;
public class URIParameterDecode {
/**
* Decode parameters in query part of a URI into a map from parameter name to its parameter values.
* For parameters that occur multiple times each value is collected.
* Proper decoding of the parameters is performed.
*
* Example
* <pre>a=1&b=2&c=&a=4</pre>
* is converted into
* <pre>{a=[Optional[1], Optional[4]], b=[Optional[2]], c=[Optional.empty]}</pre>
* @param query the query part of an URI
* @return map of parameters names into a list of their values.
*
*/
public static Map<String, List<Optional<String>>> splitQuery(String query) {
if (query == null || query.isEmpty()) {
return Collections.emptyMap();
}
return Arrays.stream(query.split("&"))
.map(p -> splitQueryParameter(p))
.collect(groupingBy(e -> e.get0(), // group by parameter name
mapping(e -> e.get1(), toList())));// keep parameter values and assemble into list
}
public static Pair<String, Optional<String>> splitQueryParameter(String parameter) {
final String enc = "UTF-8";
List<String> keyValue = Arrays.stream(parameter.split("="))
.map(e -> {
try {
return URLDecoder.decode(e, enc);
} catch (UnsupportedEncodingException ex) {
throw new RuntimeUnsupportedEncodingException(ex);
}
}).collect(toList());
if (keyValue.size() == 2) {
return new Pair(keyValue.get(0), Optional.of(keyValue.get(1)));
} else {
return new Pair(keyValue.get(0), Optional.empty());
}
}
/** Runtime exception (instead of checked exception) to denote unsupported enconding */
public static class RuntimeUnsupportedEncodingException extends RuntimeException {
public RuntimeUnsupportedEncodingException(Throwable cause) {
super(cause);
}
}
/**
* A simple pair of two elements
* @param <U> first element
* @param <V> second element
*/
public static class Pair<U, V> {
U a;
V b;
public Pair(U u, V v) {
this.a = u;
this.b = v;
}
public U get0() {
return a;
}
public V get1() {
return b;
}
}
}
Scala Code
... and for the sake of completeness I can not resist to provide the solution in Scala that dominates by brevity and beauty
import java.net.URLDecoder
object Decode {
def main(args: Array[String]): Unit = {
val input = "a=1&b=2&c=&a=4";
println(separate(input))
}
def separate(input: String) : Map[String, List[Option[String]]] = {
case class Parameter(key: String, value: Option[String])
def separateParameter(parameter: String) : Parameter =
parameter.split("=")
.map(e => URLDecoder.decode(e, "UTF-8")) match {
case Array(key, value) => Parameter(key, Some(value))
case Array(key) => Parameter(key, None)
}
input.split("&").toList
.map(p => separateParameter(p))
.groupBy(p => p.key)
.mapValues(vs => vs.map(p => p.value))
}
}
回答15:
Answering here because this is a popular thread. This is a clean solution in Kotlin that uses the recommended UrlQuerySanitizer api. See the official documentation. I have added a string builder to concatenate and display the params.
var myURL: String? = null
if (intent.hasExtra("my_value")) {
myURL = intent.extras.getString("my_value")
} else {
myURL = intent.dataString
}
val sanitizer = UrlQuerySanitizer(myURL)
// We don't want to manually define every expected query *key*, so we set this to true
sanitizer.allowUnregisteredParamaters = true
val parameterNamesToValues: List<UrlQuerySanitizer.ParameterValuePair> = sanitizer.parameterList
val parameterIterator: Iterator<UrlQuerySanitizer.ParameterValuePair> = parameterNamesToValues.iterator()
// Helper simply so we can display all values on screen
val stringBuilder = StringBuilder()
while (parameterIterator.hasNext()) {
val parameterValuePair: UrlQuerySanitizer.ParameterValuePair = parameterIterator.next()
val parameterName: String = parameterValuePair.mParameter
val parameterValue: String = parameterValuePair.mValue
// Append string to display all key value pairs
stringBuilder.append("Key: $parameterName\nValue: $parameterValue\n\n")
}
// Set a textView's text to display the string
val paramListString = stringBuilder.toString()
val textView: TextView = findViewById(R.id.activity_title) as TextView
textView.text = "Paramlist is \n\n$paramListString"
// to check if the url has specific keys
if (sanitizer.hasParameter("type")) {
val type = sanitizer.getValue("type")
println("sanitizer has type param $type")
}
回答16:
Kotlin's Answer with initial reference from https://stackoverflow.com/a/51024552/3286489, but with improved version by tidying up codes and provides 2 versions of it, and use immutable collection operations
Use java.net.URI to extract the Query. Then use the below provided extension functions
- Assuming you only want the last value of query i.e.
page2&page3will get{page=3}, use the below extension function
fun URI.getQueryMap(): Map<String, String> {
if (query == null) return emptyMap()
return query.split("&")
.mapNotNull { element -> element.split("=")
.takeIf { it.size == 2 && it.none { it.isBlank() } } }
.associateBy({ it[0].decodeUTF8() }, { it[1].decodeUTF8() })
}
private fun String.decodeUTF8() = URLDecoder.decode(this, "UTF-8") // decode page=%22ABC%22 to page="ABC"
- Assuming you want a list of all value for the query i.e.
page2&page3will get{page=[2, 3]}
fun URI.getQueryMapList(): Map<String, List<String>> {
if (query == null) return emptyMap()
return query.split("&")
.distinct()
.mapNotNull { element -> element.split("=")
.takeIf { it.size == 2 && it.none { it.isBlank() } } }
.groupBy({ it[0].decodeUTF8() }, { it[1].decodeUTF8() })
}
private fun String.decodeUTF8() = URLDecoder.decode(this, "UTF-8") // decode page=%22ABC%22 to page="ABC"
The way to use it as below
val uri = URI("schema://host/path/?page=&page=2&page=2&page=3")
println(uri.getQueryMapList()) // Result is {page=[2, 3]}
println(uri.getQueryMap()) // Result is {page=3}
回答17:
Netty also provides a nice query string parser called QueryStringDecoder.
In one line of code, it can parse the URL in the question.
I like because it doesn't require catching or throwing java.net.MalformedURLException.
In one line:
Map<String, List<String>> parameters = new QueryStringDecoder(url).parameters();
See javadocs here: https://netty.io/4.1/api/io/netty/handler/codec/http/QueryStringDecoder.html
Here is a short, self contained, correct example:
import io.netty.handler.codec.http.QueryStringDecoder;
import org.apache.commons.lang3.StringUtils;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;
public class UrlParse {
public static void main(String... args) {
String url = "https://google.com.ua/oauth/authorize?client_id=SS&response_type=code&scope=N_FULL&access_type=offline&redirect_uri=http://localhost/Callback";
QueryStringDecoder decoder = new QueryStringDecoder(url);
Map<String, List<String>> parameters = decoder.parameters();
print(parameters);
}
private static void print(final Map<String, List<String>> parameters) {
System.out.println("NAME VALUE");
System.out.println("------------------------");
parameters.forEach((key, values) ->
values.forEach(val ->
System.out.println(StringUtils.rightPad(key, 19) + val)));
}
}
which generates
NAME VALUE
------------------------
client_id SS
response_type code
scope N_FULL
access_type offline
redirect_uri http://localhost/Callback
回答18:
Here is my solution with reduce and Optional:
private Optional<SimpleImmutableEntry<String, String>> splitKeyValue(String text) {
String[] v = text.split("=");
if (v.length == 1 || v.length == 2) {
String key = URLDecoder.decode(v[0], StandardCharsets.UTF_8);
String value = v.length == 2 ? URLDecoder.decode(v[1], StandardCharsets.UTF_8) : null;
return Optional.of(new SimpleImmutableEntry<String, String>(key, value));
} else
return Optional.empty();
}
private HashMap<String, String> parseQuery(URI uri) {
HashMap<String, String> params = Arrays.stream(uri.getQuery()
.split("&"))
.map(this::splitKeyValue)
.filter(Optional::isPresent)
.map(Optional::get)
.reduce(
// initial value
new HashMap<String, String>(),
// accumulator
(map, kv) -> {
map.put(kv.getKey(), kv.getValue());
return map;
},
// combiner
(a, b) -> {
a.putAll(b);
return a;
});
return params;
}
- I ignore duplicate parameters (I take the last one).
- I use
Optional<SimpleImmutableEntry<String, String>>to ignore garbage later - The reduction start with an empty map, then populate it on each SimpleImmutableEntry
In case you ask, reduce requires this weird combiner in the last parameter, which is only used in parallel streams. Its goal is to merge two intermediate results (here HashMap).
回答19:
If you are using Spring, add an argument of type @RequestParam Map<String,String> to your controller method, and Spring will construct the map for you!
来源：https://stackoverflow.com/questions/13592236/parse-a-uri-string-into-name-value-collection