Capistrano 3 execute within a directory

问题

I'm trying to write a task for Capistrano 3 that involves executing 'composer install' within the directory of the current release. It looks something like this:

namespace :composer do
  desc 'Install dependencies with Composer'
  task :install do
    on roles(:web) do
      within release_path do
        execute "#{fetch(:composer_command)} install"
      end
    end
  end
end

composer_command is set in the staging and production files - in my particular case to php /home/user/composer.phar

For some reason this command does not actually run in the current release directory, but instead runs in the parent directory (containing current, shared, releases, etc)

I delved into this a bit further and found that when I ran a single word command, like:

within release_path do
    execute "pwd"
end

It works just fine, and runs the command in the current release directory. But... when I run a command with spaces, like:

within release_path do
    execute "pwd && ls"
end

It runs in the parent directory, and not the directory set by the within block.

Can someone shed some light on this? Thanks!

回答1:

Smells like a Cap 3 bug.

I suggest just guaranteeing you are where you want to be from the shell perspective:

execute "cd '#{release_path}'; #{fetch(:composer_command)} install"

回答2:

You can retain all the niceties of within(), with(), default_env, etc, while still keeping the natural string syntax:

within release_path do
  execute *%w[ pip install -r requirements.txt ]
end

回答3:

A couple of tips:

1) Capistrano uses SSHKit for a lot of things, among which command execution. In order to simplify using Composer you could configure the command map (in deploy.rb or production.rb, etc), here are 2 examples:

SSHKit.config.command_map[:composer] = "#{shared_path.join('composer.phar')}"
SSHKit.config.command_map[:composer] = '/usr/bin/env composer.phar'

Next you can execute it like so:

execute :composer, :install

2) From a security perspective it's wise to disable the php setting allow_url_fopen, but unfortunately Composer needs it enabled to function. You can use this trick to leave it disabled globally:

SSHKit.config.command_map[:composer] = "/usr/bin/env php -d allow_url_fopen=On #{shared_path.join('composer.phar')}"

Check out iniscan for more security advise on php settings.

3) Composer has an option -d, --working-dir, which you can point to the directory containing the composer.json file in order to run Composer from any other directory. This should solve your problem:

execute :composer, '-d', release_path, :install

4) You may want to take a look at the capistrano-composer project :)

回答4:

Actually, your use of the within function is almost correct. You have supplied it an entire string as a command, but the doc points out that this results in unreliable behaviour (which I have experienced myself).

Let the first argument to execute be a symbol instead of a string (which contains whitespace):

within release_path do
    execute fetch(:composer_command).to_sym, "install"
    execute :pwd
    execute :ls
end

回答5:

just for reference here is the Capistrano Doc explaining why within {} does not work with arguments with whitespace. I hope this helps.

来源：https://stackoverflow.com/questions/19452983/capistrano-3-execute-within-a-directory