Kubernetes实战(二)：k8s v1.11.1 prometheus traefik组件安装及集群测试

1、traefik

　　traefik：HTTP层路由，官网：http://traefik.cn/，文档：https://docs.traefik.io/user-guide/kubernetes/

　　功能和nginx ingress类似。

　　相对于nginx ingress，traefix能够实时跟Kubernetes API 交互，感知后端 Service、Pod 变化，自动更新配置并热重载。Traefik 更快速更方便，同时支持更多的特性，使反向代理、负载均衡更直接更高效。

　　k8s集群部署Traefik，结合上一篇文章。

　　创建k8s-master-lb的证书：

[root@k8s-master01 ~]# openssl req -x509 -nodes -days 365 -newkey rsa:2048 -keyout tls.key -out tls.crt -subj "/CN=k8s-master-lb"
Generating a 2048 bit RSA private key
................................................................................................................+++
.........................................................................................................................................................+++
writing new private key to 'tls.key'

　　把证书写入到k8s的secret

[root@k8s-master01 ~]# kubectl -n kube-system create secret generic traefik-cert --from-file=tls.key --from-file=tls.crt
secret/traefik-cert created

　　安装traefix

[root@k8s-master01 kubeadm-ha]# kubectl apply -f traefik/
serviceaccount/traefik-ingress-controller created
clusterrole.rbac.authorization.k8s.io/traefik-ingress-controller created
clusterrolebinding.rbac.authorization.k8s.io/traefik-ingress-controller created
configmap/traefik-conf created
daemonset.extensions/traefik-ingress-controller created
service/traefik-web-ui created
ingress.extensions/traefik-jenkins created

　　查看pods，因为创建的类型是DaemonSet所有每个节点都会创建一个Traefix的pod

[root@k8s-master01 kubeadm-ha]# kubectl  get pods --all-namespaces
NAMESPACE     NAME                                    READY     STATUS    RESTARTS   AGE
kube-system   calico-node-kwz9t                       2/2       Running   0          20h
kube-system   calico-node-nfhrd                       2/2       Running   0          56m
kube-system   calico-node-nxtlf                       2/2       Running   0          57m
kube-system   calico-node-rj8p8                       2/2       Running   0          20h
kube-system   calico-node-xfsg5                       2/2       Running   0          20h
kube-system   coredns-777d78ff6f-4rcsb                1/1       Running   0          22h
kube-system   coredns-777d78ff6f-7xqzx                1/1       Running   0          22h
kube-system   etcd-k8s-master01                       1/1       Running   0          16h
kube-system   etcd-k8s-master02                       1/1       Running   0          21h
kube-system   etcd-k8s-master03                       1/1       Running   9          20h
kube-system   heapster-5874d498f5-ngk26               1/1       Running   0          16h
kube-system   kube-apiserver-k8s-master01             1/1       Running   0          16h
kube-system   kube-apiserver-k8s-master02             1/1       Running   0          20h
kube-system   kube-apiserver-k8s-master03             1/1       Running   1          20h
kube-system   kube-controller-manager-k8s-master01    1/1       Running   0          16h
kube-system   kube-controller-manager-k8s-master02    1/1       Running   1          20h
kube-system   kube-controller-manager-k8s-master03    1/1       Running   0          20h
kube-system   kube-proxy-4cjhm                        1/1       Running   0          22h
kube-system   kube-proxy-kpxhz                        1/1       Running   0          56m
kube-system   kube-proxy-lkvjk                        1/1       Running   2          21h
kube-system   kube-proxy-m7htq                        1/1       Running   0          22h
kube-system   kube-proxy-r4sjs                        1/1       Running   0          57m
kube-system   kube-scheduler-k8s-master01             1/1       Running   2          16h
kube-system   kube-scheduler-k8s-master02             1/1       Running   0          21h
kube-system   kube-scheduler-k8s-master03             1/1       Running   2          20h
kube-system   kubernetes-dashboard-7954d796d8-2k4hx   1/1       Running   0          17h
kube-system   metrics-server-55fcc5b88-bpmkm          1/1       Running   0          16h
kube-system   monitoring-grafana-9b6b75b49-4zm6d      1/1       Running   0          18h
kube-system   monitoring-influxdb-655cd78874-56gf8    1/1       Running   0          16h
kube-system   traefik-ingress-controller-cv2jg        1/1       Running   0          28s
kube-system   traefik-ingress-controller-d7lzw        1/1       Running   0          28s
kube-system   traefik-ingress-controller-r2z29        1/1       Running   0          28s
kube-system   traefik-ingress-controller-tm6vv        1/1       Running   0          28s
kube-system   traefik-ingress-controller-w4mj7        1/1       Running   0          28s

　　打开Traefix的Web UI：http://k8s-master-lb:30011/

　　创建测试web应用

[root@k8s-master01 ~]# cat traefix-test.yaml 
apiVersion: v1
kind: Service
metadata:
  name: nginx-svc
spec:
  template:
    metadata:
      labels:
        name: nginx-svc
        namespace: traefix-test
spec:
  selector:
    run: ngx-pod
  ports:
  - protocol: TCP
    port: 80
    targetPort: 80
---
apiVersion: apps/v1beta1
kind: Deployment
metadata:
  name: ngx-pod
spec:
  replicas: 4
  template:
    metadata:
      labels:
        run: ngx-pod
    spec:
      containers:
      - name: nginx
        image: nginx:1.10
        ports:
        - containerPort: 80
---
apiVersion: extensions/v1beta1
kind: Ingress
metadata:
  name: ngx-ing
  annotations:
    kubernetes.io/ingress.class: traefik
spec:
  rules:
  - host: traefix-test.com
    http:
      paths:
      - backend:
          serviceName: nginx-svc
          servicePort: 80

[root@k8s-master01 ~]# kubectl create -f traefix-test.yaml 
service/nginx-svc created
deployment.apps/ngx-pod created
ingress.extensions/ngx-ing created

　　traefix UI查看

　　k8s查看

　　访问测试：将域名http://traefix-test.com/解析到任何一个node节点即可访问　

　　HTTPS证书配置

　　利用上述创建的nginx，再次创建https的ingress

[root@k8s-master01 nginx-cert]# cat ../traefix-https.yaml 
apiVersion: extensions/v1beta1
kind: Ingress
metadata:
  name: nginx-https-test
  namespace: default
  annotations:
    kubernetes.io/ingress.class: traefik
spec:
  rules:
  - host: traefix-test.com
    http:
      paths:
      - backend:
          serviceName: nginx-svc
          servicePort: 80
  tls:
   - secretName: nginx-test-tls

　　创建证书，线上为公司购买的证书

[root@k8s-master01 nginx-cert]# openssl req -x509 -nodes -days 365 -newkey rsa:2048 -keyout tls.key -out tls.crt -subj "/CN=traefix-test.com"
Generating a 2048 bit RSA private key
.................................+++
.........................................................+++
writing new private key to 'tls.key'
-----

　　导入证书

kubectl -n default create secret tls nginx-test-tls --key=tls.key --cert=tls.crt

　　创建ingress

[root@k8s-master01 ~]# kubectl create -f traefix-https.yaml 
ingress.extensions/nginx-https-test created

　　访问测试：

　　其他方法查看官方文档：https://docs.traefik.io/user-guide/kubernetes/

2、安装prometheus

　　安装prometheus

[root@k8s-master01 kubeadm-ha]# kubectl apply -f prometheus/
clusterrole.rbac.authorization.k8s.io/prometheus created
clusterrolebinding.rbac.authorization.k8s.io/prometheus created
configmap/prometheus-server-conf created
deployment.extensions/prometheus created
service/prometheus created

　　pod查看

[root@k8s-master01 kubeadm-ha]# kubectl get pods --all-namespaces | grep prome
kube-system   prometheus-56dff8579d-x2w62             1/1       Running   0          52s

　　访问地址：http://k8s-master-lb:30013/

　　安装使用grafana(此处使用自装grafana)

yum install https://s3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com/grafana-releases/release/grafana-4.4.3-1.x86_64.rpm -y

　　启动grafana

[root@k8s-master01 grafana-dashboard]# systemctl start grafana-server
[root@k8s-master01 grafana-dashboard]# systemctl enable grafana-server
Created symlink from /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/grafana-server.service to /usr/lib/systemd/system/grafana-server.service.

　　访问：http://192.168.20.20:3000，账号密码admin，配置prometheus的DataSource

　　导入模板：文件路径/root/kubeadm-ha/heapster/grafana-dashboard　

　　导入后如下

　　查看数据

　　grafana文档：http://docs.grafana.org/

3、集群验证

　　验证集群高可用

　　创建一个副本为3的deployment

[root@k8s-master01 ~]# kubectl run nginx --image=nginx --replicas=3 --port=80
deployment.apps/nginx created
[root@k8s-master01 ~]# kubectl get deployment --all-namespaces
NAMESPACE     NAME                   DESIRED   CURRENT   UP-TO-DATE   AVAILABLE   AGE
default       nginx                  3         3         3            3           58s

　　查看pods

[root@k8s-master01 ~]# kubectl get pods -l=run=nginx -o wide
NAME                     READY     STATUS    RESTARTS   AGE       IP             NODE
nginx-6f858d4d45-7lv6f   1/1       Running   0          1m        172.168.5.16   k8s-node01
nginx-6f858d4d45-g2njj   1/1       Running   0          1m        172.168.0.18   k8s-master01
nginx-6f858d4d45-rcz89   1/1       Running   0          1m        172.168.6.12   k8s-node02

　　创建service

[root@k8s-master01 ~]# kubectl expose deployment nginx --type=NodePort --port=80
service/nginx exposed
[root@k8s-master01 ~]# kubectl get service -n default
NAME         TYPE        CLUSTER-IP      EXTERNAL-IP   PORT(S)        AGE
kubernetes   ClusterIP   10.96.0.1       <none>        443/TCP        1d
nginx        NodePort    10.97.112.176   <none>        80:32546/TCP   29s

　　访问测试

　　测试HPA自动弹性伸缩

# 创建测试服务
kubectl run nginx-server --requests=cpu=10m --image=nginx --port=80
kubectl expose deployment nginx-server --port=80

# 创建hpa
kubectl autoscale deployment nginx-server --cpu-percent=10 --min=1 --max=10

　　查看当前nginx-server的ClusterIP

[root@k8s-master01 ~]# kubectl get service -n default
NAME           TYPE        CLUSTER-IP      EXTERNAL-IP   PORT(S)   AGE
kubernetes     ClusterIP   10.96.0.1       <none>        443/TCP   1d
nginx-server   ClusterIP   10.108.160.23   <none>        80/TCP    5m

　　给测试服务增加负载

[root@k8s-master01 ~]# while true; do wget -q -O- http://10.108.160.23 > /dev/null; done

　　查看当前扩容情况

　　终止增加负载，结束增加负载后，pod自动缩容（自动缩容需要大概10-15分钟）

　　删除测试数据

[root@k8s-master01 ~]# kubectl delete deploy,svc,hpa nginx-server
deployment.extensions "nginx-server" deleted
service "nginx-server" deleted
horizontalpodautoscaler.autoscaling "nginx-server" deleted

4、集群稳定性测试

　　关闭master01电源

　　master02查看

[root@k8s-master02 ~]# kubectl get nodes
NAME           STATUS     ROLES     AGE       VERSION
k8s-master01   NotReady   master    1d        v1.11.1
k8s-master02   Ready      master    1d        v1.11.1
k8s-master03   Ready      master    1d        v1.11.1
k8s-node01     Ready      <none>    22h       v1.11.1
k8s-node02     Ready      <none>    22h       v1.11.1

　　访问测试

　　VIP以漂移至master02

　　关闭集群所有节点(直接断电，非正常关机)

　　重新开机

　　查看节点状态

[root@k8s-master01 ~]# kubectl get nodes
NAME           STATUS    ROLES     AGE       VERSION
k8s-master01   Ready     master    2d        v1.11.1
k8s-master02   Ready     master    2d        v1.11.1
k8s-master03   Ready     master    2d        v1.11.1
k8s-node01     Ready     <none>    1d        v1.11.1
k8s-node02     Ready     <none>    1d        v1.11.1

　　查看所有pods

[root@k8s-master01 ~]# kubectl get pods --all-namespaces
NAMESPACE     NAME                                    READY     STATUS    RESTARTS   AGE
kube-system   calico-node-kwz9t                       2/2       Running   2          2d
kube-system   calico-node-nfhrd                       2/2       Running   2          1d
kube-system   calico-node-nxtlf                       2/2       Running   2          1d
kube-system   calico-node-rj8p8                       2/2       Running   2          2d
kube-system   calico-node-xfsg5                       2/2       Running   2          2d
kube-system   coredns-777d78ff6f-dctjh                1/1       Running   1          8h
kube-system   coredns-777d78ff6f-ljpqs                1/1       Running   1          8h
kube-system   etcd-k8s-master01                       1/1       Running   1          6m
kube-system   etcd-k8s-master02                       1/1       Running   1          21m
kube-system   etcd-k8s-master03                       1/1       Running   13         2d
kube-system   heapster-5874d498f5-rv25x               1/1       Running   1          8h
kube-system   kube-apiserver-k8s-master01             1/1       Running   2          6m
kube-system   kube-apiserver-k8s-master02             1/1       Running   1          21m
kube-system   kube-apiserver-k8s-master03             1/1       Running   8          2d
kube-system   kube-controller-manager-k8s-master01    1/1       Running   2          6m
kube-system   kube-controller-manager-k8s-master02    1/1       Running   3          21m
kube-system   kube-controller-manager-k8s-master03    1/1       Running   2          2d
kube-system   kube-proxy-4cjhm                        1/1       Running   1          2d
kube-system   kube-proxy-kpxhz                        1/1       Running   1          1d
kube-system   kube-proxy-lkvjk                        1/1       Running   3          2d
kube-system   kube-proxy-m7htq                        1/1       Running   1          2d
kube-system   kube-proxy-r4sjs                        1/1       Running   1          1d
kube-system   kube-scheduler-k8s-master01             1/1       Running   4          6m
kube-system   kube-scheduler-k8s-master02             1/1       Running   1          21m
kube-system   kube-scheduler-k8s-master03             1/1       Running   5          2d
kube-system   kubernetes-dashboard-7954d796d8-2k4hx   1/1       Running   1          1d
kube-system   metrics-server-55fcc5b88-bpmkm          1/1       Running   1          1d
kube-system   monitoring-influxdb-655cd78874-ccrgl    1/1       Running   1          8h
kube-system   prometheus-56dff8579d-28qm5             1/1       Running   1          28m
kube-system   traefik-ingress-controller-cv2jg        1/1       Running   1          1d
kube-system   traefik-ingress-controller-d7lzw        1/1       Running   1          1d
kube-system   traefik-ingress-controller-r2z29        1/1       Running   1          1d
kube-system   traefik-ingress-controller-tm6vv        1/1       Running   1          1d
kube-system   traefik-ingress-controller-w4mj7        1/1       Running   1          1d

　　访问测试

赞助作者：

来源：oschina

链接：https://my.oschina.net/u/4268952/blog/3298300

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