常用热词词库的配置方式
1.采用IK 内置词库
优点:部署方便,不用额外指定其他词库位置
缺点:分词单一化,不能指定想分词的词条
2.IK 外置静态词库
优点:部署相对方便,可以通过编辑指定文件分词文件得到想要的词条
缺点:需要指定外部静态文件,每次需要手动编辑整个分词文件,然后放到指定的文件目录下,重启ES后才能生效
3.IK 远程词库
优点:通过指定一个静态文件代理服务器来设置IK分词的词库信息
缺点:需要手动编辑整个分词文件来进行词条的添加, IK源码中判断头信息Last-Modified ETag 标识来判断是否更新,有时不生效
结合上面的优缺点,决定采用Mysql作为外置热词词库,定时更新热词 和 停用词。
准备工作
1.下载合适的ElasticSearch对应版本的IK分词器:https://github.com/medcl/elasticsearch-analysis-ik
2.我们来查看它config文件夹下的文件:
因为我本地安装的是ES是5.5.0版本,所以下载的IK为5.5.0的适配版
3.分析IKAnalyzer.cfg.xml 配置文件:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE properties SYSTEM "http://java.sun.com/dtd/properties.dtd">
<properties>
<comment>IK Analyzer 扩展配置</comment>
<!--用户可以在这里配置自己的扩展字典 -->
<entry key="ext_dict">custom/mydict.dic;custom/single_word_low_freq.dic</entry>
<!--用户可以在这里配置自己的扩展停止词字典-->
<entry key="ext_stopwords">custom/ext_stopword.dic</entry>
<!--用户可以在这里配置远程扩展字典 -->
<!-- <entry key="remote_ext_dict">words_location</entry> -->
<!--用户可以在这里配置远程扩展停止词字典-->
<!-- <entry key="remote_ext_stopwords">words_location</entry> -->
</properties>
ext_dict:对应的扩展热词词典的位置,多个热词文件之间使用分号来进行间隔
ext_stopwords:对应扩展停用词词典位置,多个之间用分号进行间隔
remote_ext_dict:远程扩展热词位置 如:https://xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx/ext_hot.txt
remote_ext_stopwords:远程扩展停用词位置 如:https://xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx/ext_stop.txt
4.除了config/ 文件夹中IKAnalyzer.cfg.xml 文件,我们开下config文件夹下其他文件的作用:
Dictionary中单例方法public static synchronized Dictionary initial(Configuration cfg)
private DictSegment _MainDict;
private DictSegment _SurnameDict;
private DictSegment _QuantifierDict;
private DictSegment _SuffixDict;
private DictSegment _PrepDict;
private DictSegment _StopWords;
...
public static synchronized Dictionary initial(Configuration cfg) {
if (singleton == null) {
synchronized (Dictionary.class) {
if (singleton == null) {
singleton = new Dictionary(cfg);
singleton.loadMainDict();
singleton.loadSurnameDict();
singleton.loadQuantifierDict();
singleton.loadSuffixDict();
singleton.loadPrepDict();
singleton.loadStopWordDict();
if(cfg.isEnableRemoteDict()){
// 建立监控线程
for (String location : singleton.getRemoteExtDictionarys()) {
// 10 秒是初始延迟可以修改的 60是间隔时间 单位秒
pool.scheduleAtFixedRate(new Monitor(location), 10, 60, TimeUnit.SECONDS);
}
for (String location : singleton.getRemoteExtStopWordDictionarys()) {
pool.scheduleAtFixedRate(new Monitor(location), 10, 60, TimeUnit.SECONDS);
}
}
return singleton;
}
}
}
return singleton;
}
initial中 load*中方法是利用config中其他文本文件来初始化Dictionary中的上面声明的成员变量:
_MainDict : 主词典对象,也是用来存储热词的对象
_SurnameDict : 姓氏词典
_QuantifierDict : 量词词典,例如1个中的 个 2两种的两
_SuffixDict : 后缀词典
_PrepDict : 副词/介词词典
_StopWords : 停用词词典
修改Dictionary源码
Dictionary类:更新词典 this.loadMySQLExtDict()
private void loadMySQLExtDict() {
Connection conn = null;
Statement stmt = null;
ResultSet rs = null;
try {
Path file = PathUtils.get(getDictRoot(), "jdbc-loadext.properties");
prop.load(new FileInputStream(file.toFile()));
logger.info("jdbc-reload.properties");
for(Object key : prop.keySet()) {
logger.info(key + "=" + prop.getProperty(String.valueOf(key)));
}
logger.info("query hot dict from mysql, " + prop.getProperty("jdbc.reload.sql") + "......");
conn = DriverManager.getConnection(
prop.getProperty("jdbc.url"),
prop.getProperty("jdbc.user"),
prop.getProperty("jdbc.password"));
stmt = conn.createStatement();
rs = stmt.executeQuery(prop.getProperty("jdbc.reload.sql"));
while(rs.next()) {
String theWord = rs.getString("word");
logger.info("hot word from mysql: " + theWord);
_MainDict.fillSegment(theWord.trim().toCharArray());
}
} catch (Exception e) {
logger.error("erorr", e);
} finally {
if(rs != null) {
try {
rs.close();
} catch (SQLException e) {
logger.error("error", e);
}
}
if(stmt != null) {
try {
stmt.close();
} catch (SQLException e) {
logger.error("error", e);
}
}
if(conn != null) {
try {
conn.close();
} catch (SQLException e) {
logger.error("error", e);
}
}
}
}
Dictionary类:更新停用词 this.loadMySQLStopwordDict()
private void loadMySQLStopwordDict() {
Connection conn = null;
Statement stmt = null;
ResultSet rs = null;
try {
Path file = PathUtils.get(getDictRoot(), "jdbc-loadext.properties");
prop.load(new FileInputStream(file.toFile()));
logger.info("jdbc-reload.properties");
for(Object key : prop.keySet()) {
logger.info(key + "=" + prop.getProperty(String.valueOf(key)));
}
logger.info("query hot stopword dict from mysql, " + prop.getProperty("jdbc.reload.stopword.sql") + "......");
conn = DriverManager.getConnection(
prop.getProperty("jdbc.url"),
prop.getProperty("jdbc.user"),
prop.getProperty("jdbc.password"));
stmt = conn.createStatement();
rs = stmt.executeQuery(prop.getProperty("jdbc.reload.stopword.sql"));
while(rs.next()) {
String theWord = rs.getString("word");
logger.info("hot stopword from mysql: " + theWord);
_StopWords.fillSegment(theWord.trim().toCharArray());
}
} catch (Exception e) {
logger.error("erorr", e);
} finally {
if(rs != null) {
try {
rs.close();
} catch (SQLException e) {
logger.error("error", e);
}
}
if(stmt != null) {
try {
stmt.close();
} catch (SQLException e) {
logger.error("error", e);
}
}
if(conn != null) {
try {
conn.close();
} catch (SQLException e) {
logger.error("error", e);
}
}
}
}
对外暴露方法:
public void reLoadSQLDict() {
this.loadMySQLExtDict();
this.loadMySQLStopwordDict();
}
MySQLDictReloadThread Runnable实现类,去执行reLoadSQLDict() 加载热词:
import org.apache.logging.log4j.Logger;
import org.elasticsearch.common.logging.ESLoggerFactory;
/**
* Created with IntelliJ IDEA.
*
* @author: zhubo
* @description: 定时执行
* @time: 2018年07月22日 13:05:24
* @modifytime:
*/
public class MySQLDictReloadThread implements Runnable {
private static final Logger logger = ESLoggerFactory.getLogger(MySQLDictReloadThread.class.getName());
@Override
public void run() {
logger.info("reloading hot_word and stop_worddict from mysql");
Dictionary.getSingleton().reLoadSQLDict();
}
}
最后代码为定时调用:
其中一些细节就不讲述了。
jdbc-loadext.properties
jdbc.url=jdbc:mysql://xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx:3306/stop_word?useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=UTF-8&characterSetResults=UTF-8
jdbc.user=xxxxxx
jdbc.password=xxxxxxx
jdbc.reload.sql=select word from hot_words
jdbc.reload.stopword.sql=select stopword as word from hot_stopwords
文件放于此位置
打包
因为我们链接的是mysql数据库,所以maven项目要引入mysql驱动:
<dependency>
<groupId>mysql</groupId>
<artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
<version>6.0.6</version>
</dependency>
仅仅这样还不够,还需要修改plugin.xml文件(遇到了这个坑,修改pom好久新引入的依赖打包总打不进去):
准备完毕:执行打包。 mvn clean package
打包完毕。 上传,重启进行实验啦。^_^
实验结果
数据库插入记录
GET http://172.16.11.119:9200/g_index/_analyze?text=真是山炮&analyzer=ik_smart
{
"tokens": [
{
"token": "真是山炮",
"start_offset": 0,
"end_offset": 4,
"type": "CN_WORD",
"position": 0
}
]
}
GET http://172.16.11.119:9200/g_index/_analyze?text=大耳朵兔子&analyzer=ik_smart
{
"tokens": [
{
"token": "大耳朵兔子",
"start_offset": 0,
"end_offset": 5,
"type": "CN_WORD",
"position": 0
}
]
}
GET http://172.16.11.119:9200/g_index/_analyze?text=大耳朵兔子你真是山炮&analyzer=ik_smart
{
"tokens": [
{
"token": "大耳朵兔子",
"start_offset": 0,
"end_offset": 5,
"type": "CN_WORD",
"position": 0
},
{
"token": "你",
"start_offset": 5,
"end_offset": 6,
"type": "CN_CHAR",
"position": 1
},
{
"token": "真是山炮",
"start_offset": 6,
"end_offset": 10,
"type": "CN_WORD",
"position": 2
}
]
}
GET http://172.16.11.119:9200/g_index/_analyze?text=大耳朵兔子你真是山炮&analyzer=ik_max_word
{
"tokens": [
{
"token": "大耳朵兔子",
"start_offset": 0,
"end_offset": 5,
"type": "CN_WORD",
"position": 0
},
{
"token": "耳朵",
"start_offset": 1,
"end_offset": 3,
"type": "CN_WORD",
"position": 1
},
{
"token": "耳",
"start_offset": 1,
"end_offset": 2,
"type": "CN_WORD",
"position": 2
},
{
"token": "朵",
"start_offset": 2,
"end_offset": 3,
"type": "CN_WORD",
"position": 3
},
{
"token": "兔子",
"start_offset": 3,
"end_offset": 5,
"type": "CN_WORD",
"position": 4
},
{
"token": "兔",
"start_offset": 3,
"end_offset": 4,
"type": "CN_WORD",
"position": 5
},
{
"token": "子",
"start_offset": 4,
"end_offset": 5,
"type": "CN_CHAR",
"position": 6
},
{
"token": "你",
"start_offset": 5,
"end_offset": 6,
"type": "CN_CHAR",
"position": 7
},
{
"token": "真是山炮",
"start_offset": 6,
"end_offset": 10,
"type": "CN_WORD",
"position": 8
},
{
"token": "真是",
"start_offset": 6,
"end_offset": 8,
"type": "CN_WORD",
"position": 9
},
{
"token": "山炮",
"start_offset": 8,
"end_offset": 10,
"type": "CN_WORD",
"position": 10
},
{
"token": "炮",
"start_offset": 9,
"end_offset": 10,
"type": "CN_WORD",
"position": 11
}
]
}
(⊙o⊙)… 我也不知道为什么会举出这种例子,算了就它吧。。。 山炮の
小弟比较笨中间遇到了一些坑,试了好几次才完成,^_^ , 有啥不明白的地方可以交流额
来源:oschina
链接:https://my.oschina.net/u/3101476/blog/1860926