Passing multiple arguments via command line in R

问题

I am trying to pass multiple file path arguments via command line to an Rscript which can then be processed using an arguments parser. Ultimately I would want something like this

Rscript test.R --inputfiles fileA.txt fileB.txt fileC.txt --printvar yes --size 10 --anotheroption helloworld -- etc...

passed through the command line and have the result as an array in R when parsed

args$inputfiles =  "fileA.txt", "fileB.txt", "fileC.txt"

I have tried several parsers including optparse and getopt but neither of them seem to support this functionality. I know argparse does but it is currently not available for R version 2.15.2

Any ideas?

Thanks

回答1:

Although it wasn't released on CRAN when this question was asked a beta version of the argparse module is up there now which can do this. It is basically a wrapper around the popular python module of the same name so you need to have a recent version of python installed to use it. See install notes for more info. The basic example included sums an arbitrarily long list of numbers which should not be hard to modify so you can grab an arbitrarily long list of input files.

> install.packages("argparse")
> library("argparse")
> example("ArgumentParser")

回答2:

In the front of your script test.R, you put this :

args <- commandArgs(trailingOnly = TRUE)

hh <- paste(unlist(args),collapse=' ')
listoptions <- unlist(strsplit(hh,'--'))[-1]
options.args <- sapply(listoptions,function(x){
         unlist(strsplit(x, ' '))[-1]
        })
options.names <- sapply(listoptions,function(x){
  option <-  unlist(strsplit(x, ' '))[1]
})
names(options.args) <- unlist(options.names)
print(options.args)

to get :

$inputfiles
[1] "fileA.txt" "fileB.txt" "fileC.txt"

$printvar
[1] "yes"

$size
[1] "10"

$anotheroption
[1] "helloworld"

回答3:

After searching around, and avoiding to write a new package from the bottom up, I figured the best way to input multiple arguments using the package optparse is to separate input files by a character which is most likely illegal to be included in a file name (for example, a colon)

Rscript test.R --inputfiles fileA.txt:fileB.txt:fileC.txt etc...

File names can also have spaces in them as long as the spaces are escaped (optparse will take care of this)

Rscript test.R --inputfiles file\ A.txt:file\ B.txt:fileC.txt etc...

Ultimatley, it would be nice to have a package (possibly a modified version of optparse) that would support multiple arguments like mentioned in the question and below

Rscript test.R --inputfiles fileA.txt fileB.txt fileC.txt

One would think such trivial features would be implemented into a widely used package such as optparse

Cheers

回答4:

The way you describe command line options is different from the way that most people would expect them to be used. Normally, a command line option would take a single parameter, and parameters without a preceding option are passed as arguments. If an argument would take multiple items (like a list of files), I would suggest parsing the string using strsplit().

Here's an example using optparse:

library (optparse)
option_list <- list ( make_option (c("-f","--filelist"),default="blah.txt", 
                                   help="comma separated list of files (default %default)")
                     )

parser <-OptionParser(option_list=option_list)
arguments <- parse_args (parser, positional_arguments=TRUE)
opt <- arguments$options
args <- arguments$args

myfilelist <- strsplit(opt$filelist, ",")

print (myfilelist)
print (args)

Here are several example runs:

$ Rscript blah.r -h
Usage: blah.r [options]


Options:
    -f FILELIST, --filelist=FILELIST
        comma separated list of files (default blah.txt)

    -h, --help
        Show this help message and exit


$ Rscript blah.r -f hello.txt
[[1]]
[1] "hello.txt"

character(0)
$ Rscript blah.r -f hello.txt world.txt
[[1]]
[1] "hello.txt"

[1] "world.txt"
$ Rscript blah.r -f hello.txt,world.txt another_argument and_another
[[1]]
[1] "hello.txt" "world.txt"

[1] "another_argument" "and_another"
$ Rscript blah.r an_argument -f hello.txt,world.txt,blah another_argument and_another
[[1]]
[1] "hello.txt" "world.txt" "blah"     

[1] "an_argument"      "another_argument" "and_another"

Note that for the strsplit, you can use a regular expression to determine the delimiter. I would suggest something like the following, which would let you use commas or colons to separate your list:

myfilelist <- strsplit (opt$filelist,"[,:]")

回答5:

@agstudy's solution does not work properly if input arguments are lists of the same length. By default, sapply will collapse inputs of the same length into a matrix rather than a list. The fix is simple enough, just explicitly set simplify to false in the sapply parsing the arguments.

args <- commandArgs(trailingOnly = TRUE)

hh <- paste(unlist(args),collapse=' ')
listoptions <- unlist(strsplit(hh,'--'))[-1]
options.args <- sapply(listoptions,function(x){
         unlist(strsplit(x, ' '))[-1]
        }, simplify=FALSE)
options.names <- sapply(listoptions,function(x){
  option <-  unlist(strsplit(x, ' '))[1]
})
names(options.args) <- unlist(options.names)
print(options.args)

来源：https://stackoverflow.com/questions/13790610/passing-multiple-arguments-via-command-line-in-r

标签

command-line

arguments

argparse

optparse