问题
Is it possible to color only certain words (not complete lines) for a powershell output using format-table. For example, this script scans a folder recursively for a string and then output the result with format-table.
dir -r -i *.* | Select-String $args[0] |
format-table -Property @{label="Line #"; Expression={$_.LineNumber}; width=6},
Path, Line -wrap
It would be nice to be able to format the word we are searching for with a specific color, so that you can see exactly where it was found on the line.
回答1:
You could pipe the table into Out-String, then write the string in parts using Write-Host with the -NoNewLine switch.
Something like this:
filter ColorWord {
param(
[string] $word,
[string] $color
)
$line = $_
$index = $line.IndexOf($word, [System.StringComparison]::InvariantCultureIgnoreCase)
while($index -ge 0){
Write-Host $line.Substring(0,$index) -NoNewline
Write-Host $line.Substring($index, $word.Length) -NoNewline -ForegroundColor $color
$used = $word.Length + $index
$remain = $line.Length - $used
$line = $line.Substring($used, $remain)
$index = $line.IndexOf($word, [System.StringComparison]::InvariantCultureIgnoreCase)
}
Write-Host $line
}
Get-Process| Format-Table| Out-String| ColorWord -word 1 -color magenta
回答2:
I like Rynant's approach. Here is an alternate implementation, using -split instead of IndexOf:
filter ColorWord( [string]$word, [ConsoleColor]$color ) {
$later = $false
$_ -split [regex]::Escape( $word ) | foreach {
if( $later ) { Write-Host "$word" -NoNewline -ForegroundColor $color }
else { $later = $true }
Write-Host $_ -NoNewline
}
Write-Host
}
Split includes empty strings if the line starts or ends with the given word, hence the extra "if not first" logic.
Edit: Following Rynant's comment, here's another implementation that supports both simple and regex patterns:
filter ColorPattern( [string]$Pattern, [ConsoleColor]$Color, [switch]$SimpleMatch ) {
if( $SimpleMatch ) { $Pattern = [regex]::Escape( $Pattern ) }
$split = $_ -split $Pattern
$found = [regex]::Matches( $_, $Pattern, 'IgnoreCase' )
for( $i = 0; $i -lt $split.Count; ++$i ) {
Write-Host $split[$i] -NoNewline
Write-Host $found[$i] -NoNewline -ForegroundColor $Color
}
Write-Host
}
The output from the following examples shows the difference:
PS> '\d00\d!' | ColorPattern '\d' 'Magenta' -Simple\d00\d!
PS> '\d00\d!' | ColorPattern '\d' 'Magenta'\d00\d!
回答3:
I love answer @Ryant gave. I have a modified version here that can be used for colouring multiple words in an output by passing in arrays or words and colours. The trick is that you have to split the input text into lines based on the newline separator.
filter ColorWord2 {
param(
[string[]] $word,
[string[]] $color
)
$all = $_
$lines = ($_ -split '\r\n')
$lines | % {
$line = $_
$x = -1
$word | % {
$x++
$item = $_
$index = $line.IndexOf($item, [System.StringComparison]::InvariantCultureIgnoreCase)
while($index -ge 0){
Write-Host $line.Substring(0,$index) -NoNewline
Write-Host $line.Substring($index, $item.Length) -NoNewline -ForegroundColor $color[$x]
$used =$item.Length + $index
$remain = $line.Length - $used
$line =$line.Substring($used, $remain)
$index = $line.IndexOf($item, [System.StringComparison]::InvariantCultureIgnoreCase)
}
}
Write-Host $line
} }
and would be executed as follows
Get-Service | Format-Table| Out-String| ColorWord2 -word 'Running','Stopped' -color 'Green','Red'
回答4:
#$VerbosePreference = 'continue'
$VerbosePreference = 'silent'
filter ColorPattern {
param ([object]$colors, [switch]$SimpleMatch)
[string]$line = $_
$collection = New-Object 'System.Collections.Generic.SortedDictionary[int, pscustomobject]'
$RegexOptions = [Text.RegularExpressions.RegexOptions]::IgnoreCase.value__ + [Text.RegularExpressions.RegexOptions]::Singleline.value__
if ($SimpleMatch){
$patternMatches = $colors.keys | % {[regex]::Escape($_)}
$reference = 'Value'
} else {
$patternMatches = $colors.keys
$reference = 'Pattern'
}
# detect RegEx matches and add to collection object
Write-Verbose "'$line'"
$measureparsing_match = (Measure-Command {
foreach ($pattern in $patternMatches){
Write-Verbose "regex pattern: $pattern"
foreach ($match in ([regex]::Matches($line, $pattern, $RegexOptions))){ # lazy matching
Write-Verbose "`tmatch index: $($match.Index) length: $($match.length)"
$currentset = ($match.Index)..($match.Index + $match.length - 1)
Write-Verbose "`tcurrent set: $currentset"
if (-not [bool]$collection.Count){
Write-Verbose "`t`tindex: $($match.Index) value: $($match.value) (inital add)"
[void]$collection.Add($match.Index, [PSCustomObject]@{Length = $match.Length; Value = $match.Value; Pattern = $pattern; Range = $currentset})
} else {
(,$collection.Values) | % {
$currentRange = $_.range
$intersect = Compare-Object -PassThru $currentset $currentRange -IncludeEqual -ExcludeDifferent
if ($intersect){
Write-Verbose "`t`tintersect: $([string]($intersect | % {[string]::Concat($_)})) (skipped)"
$nonintersect = Compare-Object -PassThru $currentset $intersect
Write-Verbose "`t`tnonintersect: $([string]($nonintersect | % {[string]::Concat($_)}))"
$nonintersect | % {
if ($currentRange -notcontains $_){
Write-Verbose "`t`tindex: $_ value: $($line[$_]) (adding intersect-fallout)"
[void]$collection.Add($_, [PSCustomObject]@{Length = $_.Length; Value = $line[$_]; Pattern = $pattern; Range = $currentset})
} else {
Write-Verbose "`t`t`tindex: $_ value: $($line[$_]) (skipped intersect-fallout)"
}
}
} else {
Write-Verbose "`t`tindex: $($match.index) value: $($match.value) (adding nonintersect)"
[void]$collection.Add($match.Index, [PSCustomObject]@{Length = $match.Length; Value = $match.Value; Pattern = $pattern; Range = $currentset})
}
} # end values
} #end if
} # end matching
} # end pattern
}).TotalMilliseconds
$measureparsing_nonmatch = (Measure-Command {
if ([bool]$collection.count){ # if there are no matches, skip!
Compare-Object -PassThru `
-ReferenceObject (
$collection.Keys | % { # all matched keys and their lengths
$word = $collection.item($_)
$currentlength = ($word.value).length
($_..($_ + ($currentlength - 1)))
}) `
-DifferenceObject (0..($line.Length - 1)) | # entire line
% {[void]$collection.Add($_, [PSCustomObject]@{Length = $_.length; Value = $line[$_]})} # add non matches to collection
}
}).TotalMilliseconds
Write-Verbose "match: $measureparsing_match ms. VS nonmatch: $measureparsing_nonmatch ms."
$collection.keys | % {
$word = $collection.item($_)
if ($word.pattern){
if ($colors.ContainsKey($word.$reference)){
$color = @{
ForegroundColor = $colors[$word.$reference].ForegroundColor;
BackgroundColor = $colors[$word.$reference].BackgroundColor
}
if ($word.value){
Write-Host -NoNewline $([string]::Concat($word.value)) @color
}
}
} else {
Write-Host -NoNewline $([string]::Concat($word.value))
}
}
Write-Host # needed for line feed
}
$Patterns = [ordered]@{
# higher in list takes precendence
'stopped' = @{ForegroundColor = 'Red'; BackgroundColor='DarkRed'}
'running' = @{ForegroundColor = 'Green'; BackgroundColor='DarkGreen'}
'paused' = @{ForegroundColor = 'Yellow'; BackgroundColor='DarkYellow'}
0 = @{ForegroundColor = 'White'; BackgroundColor='Gray'}
'\d+' = @{ForegroundColor = 'Gray'; BackgroundColor='Black'}
'\.' = @{ForegroundColor = 'Magenta'; BackgroundColor='DarkMagenta'}
'(a|e|i|o|u)' = @{ForegroundColor = 'Yellow'; BackgroundColor='DarkYellow'}
'\w+' = @{ForegroundColor = 'Cyan'; BackgroundColor='DarkCyan'}
}
# strongly typed collection.. we could probably do this better..
$colorCollection = New-Object 'system.collections.generic.dictionary[string, hashtable]'([StringComparer]::OrdinalIgnoreCase) # Ordinal
$Patterns.GetEnumerator() | % {[void]$colorCollection.Add($_.Name, $_.Value)}
Get-Service | Out-String -Stream | ColorPattern -colors $colorCollection
#Get-Service | Out-String -Stream | ColorPattern -colors $colorCollection -SimpleMatch
Kind of late to the reply, but I've updated this with multiple regex support, as well as simple matching. This was tested under Powershell v4.0.
来源：https://stackoverflow.com/questions/7362097/color-words-in-powershell-script-format-table-output