Get first element in array and return using Aggregate? (Mongodb)

问题

How I get first element in array and return it in Mongo aggregate?

I try run this code in mongo, but fail:

db.my_collection.aggregate([
    { $project: {
        resp : { my_field: { $slice: 1 } }
    }}
])

OBS: 'my_field' is a Array with 4 position, I need it return only first element.

Return:

uncaught exception: aggregate failed: {
    "errmsg" : "exception: invalid operator '$slice'",
    "code" : 15999,
    "ok" : 0
}

回答1:

Currently, the $slice operator is unavailable in the the $project operation, of the aggregation pipeline. So what you could do is,

First $unwind, the my_field array, and then group them together and take the $first element of the group.

db.my_collection.aggregate([
{$unwind:"$my_field"},
{$group:{"_id":"$_id","resp":{$first:"$my_field"}}},
{$project:{"_id":0,"resp":1}}
])

Or using the find() command, where you could make use of the $slice operator in the projection part.

db.my_collection.find({},{"my_field":{$slice:1}})

Update: based on your comments, Say you want only the second item in an array, for the record with an id, id.

var field = 2;
var id = ObjectId("...");

Then, the below aggregation command gives you the 2nd item in the my_field array of the record with the _id, id.

db.my_collection.aggregate([
{$match:{"_id":id}},
{$unwind:"$my_field"},
{$skip:field-1},
{$limit:1}
])

The above logic cannot be applied for more a record, since it would involve a $group, operator after $unwind. The $group operator produces a single record for all the records in that particular group making the $limit or $skip operators applied in the later stages to be ineffective.

A small variation on the find() query above would yield you the expected result as well.

db.my_collection.find({},{"my_field":{$slice:[field-1,1]}})

Apart from these, there is always a way to do it in the client side, though a bit costly if the number of records is very large:

var field = 2; 
db.my_collection.find().map(function(doc){
return doc.my_field[field-1];
})

Choosing from the above options depends upon your data size and app design.

回答2:

Since 3.2, we can use $arrayElemAt to get the first element in an array

db.my_collection.aggregate([
    { $project: {
        resp : { $arrayElemAt: ['$my_field',0] }
    }}
])

回答3:

The $slice operator is scheduled to be made available in the $project operation in Mongo 3.1.4, according to this ticket: https://jira.mongodb.org/browse/SERVER-6074

This will make the problem go away.

This version is currently only a developer release and is not yet stable (as of July 2015). Expect this around October/November time.

回答4:

Mongo 3.1.6 onwards,

db.my_collection.aggregate([
{ 
    "$project": {
        "newArray" : { "$slice" : [ "$oldarray" , 0, 1 ] }
    }
}
])

where 0 is the start index and 1 is the number of elements to slice

来源：https://stackoverflow.com/questions/26762887/get-first-element-in-array-and-return-using-aggregate-mongodb

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mongodb

mongomapper