1.1. 准备工作
Linux 使用的版本是centos 7,为方便起见，先把防火墙关闭，配置好网络，在安装部分，会分成两部分讲，首先讲单实例安装，也就是一台服务器上就装一个mysql，接下来就多实例安装，在一个服务器上安装2个甚至多个mysql.
1.2. 单实例安装
cp /soft/mysql-5.7.9-linux-glibc2.5-x86_64.tar.gz /usr/local/
解压mysql到/usr/local目录
解压：
tar -zxvf mysql-5.7.9-linux-glibc2.5-x86_64.tar.gz
安装需要的依赖
yum install -y libaio
具体安装
shell> groupadd mysql
shell> useradd -r -g mysql mysql
shell> cd /usr/local
shell> tar zxvf /path/to/mysql-VERSION-OS.tar.gz
shell> ln -s full-path-to-mysql-VERSION-OS mysql
shell> cd mysql
shell> mkdir mysql-files
shell> chmod 770 mysql-files
shell> chown -R mysql .
shell> chgrp -R mysql .
shell> bin/mysqld --initialize --user=mysql # MySQL 5.7.6 and up
shell> bin/mysql_ssl_rsa_setup # MySQL 5.7.6 and up
shell> chown -R root .
shell> chown -R mysql data mysql-files
shell> bin/mysqld_safe --user=mysql &
# Next command is optional
shell> cp support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysql.server
配置环境变量：
export PATH=/usr/local/mysql/bin:$PATH
配置开启启动
chkconfig mysql.server on
chkconfig --list
登陆，修改密码
set password = 'root1234%';
允许远程登陆
GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON *.* TO 'root'@'%' IDENTIFIED BY 'root1234%'
GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON *.* TO 'root'@'%' IDENTIFIED BY 'root1234%' WITH GRANT OPTION;
flush privileges;
启动的时候可能会报错
这是因为mysql启动的时候需要配置文件，而在安装centos的时候，哪怕是mini版本都会有个默认的配置在/etc目录中
/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld --verbose --help |grep -A 1 'Default options'
Default options are read from the following files in the given order:
/etc/my.cnf /etc/mysql/my.cnf /usr/local/mysql/etc/my.cnf ~/.my.cnf
Mysql启动的时候会以上面所述的顺序加载配置文件
如果报错，先重命名my.cnf文件
1.3. 多实例安装
以前一些很low的方法是，解压两个mysql，分别放到不同文件夹，其实在mysql中已经考虑到了多实例安装的情况。也有相应的脚本命令的支持。
现在要求装两个mysql 一个3307，3308
新建 /etc/my.cnf 配置如下
[mysqld]
sql_mode = "STRICT_TRANS_TABLES,NO_ENGINE_SUBSTITUTION,NO_ZERO_DATE,NO_ZERO_IN_DATE,ERROR_FOR_DIVISION_BY_ZERO,NO_AUTO_CREATE_USER"
[mysqld_multi]
mysqld = /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld_safe
mysqladmin = /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqladmin
log = /var/log/mysqld_multi.log
[mysqld1]
server-id = 11
socket = /tmp/mysql.sock1
port = 3307
datadir = /data1
user = mysql
performance_schema = off
innodb_buffer_pool_size = 32M
skip_name_resolve = 1
log_error = error.log
pid-file = /data1/mysql.pid1
[mysqld2]
server-id = 12
socket = /tmp/mysql.sock2
port = 3308
datadir = /data2
user = mysql
performance_schema = off
innodb_buffer_pool_size = 32M
skip_name_resolve = 1
log_error = error.log
pid-file = /data2/mysql.pid2
创建2个数据目录
mkdir /data1
mkdir /data2
chown mysql.mysql /data{1..2}
mysqld --initialize --user=mysql --datadir=/data1
mysqld --initialize --user=mysql --datadir=/data2
cp /usr/local/mysql/support-files/mysqld_multi.server /etc/init.d/mysqld_multid
配置开机启动
chkconfig mysqld_multid on
查看状态
mysqld_multi report
这个时候发现还需要perl的环境，安装
yum -y install perl perl-devel
在运行，发现已经有实例了
mysqld_multi report
mysqld_multi start
启动，分别修改密码，允许远程连接
mysql -u root -S /tmp/mysql.sock1 -p -P3307
mysql -u root -S /tmp/mysql.sock2 -p -P3308
set password = 'root1234%';
GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON *.* TO 'root'@'%' IDENTIFIED BY 'root1234%';
flush privileges;
来源：https://www.cnblogs.com/Soy-technology/p/11037458.html