Fix for bizarre “%a” format behavior with g++ 4.9.1?

问题

Compiler: 64-bit MinGW G++ 4.9.1 from the Nuwen distro, under Windows 8.1.

Code:

#ifdef INCLUDE_IOSTREAM
#   include <iostream>
#endif
#include <stdio.h>      // ::snprintf
#include <stdlib.h>     // EXIT_SUCCESS, EXIT_FAILURE
#include <stdexcept>    // std::exception

#ifdef snprintf
#   error snprintf defined as macro
#endif

#ifdef _MSC_VER
    auto const snprintf = _snprintf;
#endif

void test( double const value, int const precision)
{
    char buffer[34];
    snprintf( buffer, sizeof( buffer ), "%.*a", precision, value );
    printf( "Hex of %.3f with %2d digits: %s\n", value, precision, buffer );
}

auto main() -> int
{
    using namespace std;
    try
    {
        for( int precision = 6; precision <= 8; ++precision )
        {
            test( 5.0, precision );
        }
        test( 0.0, 14 );
        return EXIT_SUCCESS;
    }
    catch( exception const& x )
    {
        fprintf( stderr, "!%s\n", x.what() );
    }
    return EXIT_FAILURE;
}

Works fine with Visual C++ (but Visual C++ appears to lack the opposite conversion):

H:\dev\test\so\0187>cl /nologo- /? 2>&1 | find /i "ler ver"
Microsoft (R) C/C++ Optimizing Compiler Version 18.00.30723 for x86

H:\dev\test\so\0187>cl barx.cpp -D INCLUDE_IOSTREAM /Feb
barx.cpp

H:\dev\test\so\0187>b
Hex 5.000 with  6 digits: 0x1.400000p+2
Hex 5.000 with  7 digits: 0x1.4000000p+2
Hex 5.000 with  8 digits: 0x1.40000000p+2
Hex 0.000 with 14 digits: 0x0.00000000000000p+0

H:\dev\test\so\0187>_

Also works fine with g++ when <iostream> is not included:

H:\dev\test\so\0187>g++ --version | find "++"
g++ (GCC) 4.9.1

H:\dev\test\so\0187>g++ -std=c++11 barx.cpp

H:\dev\test\so\0187>a
Hex of 5.000 with  6 digits: 0x1.400000p+2
Hex of 5.000 with  7 digits: 0x1.4000000p+2
Hex of 5.000 with  8 digits: 0x1.40000000p+2
Hex of 0.000 with 14 digits: 0x0.00000000000000p+0

H:\dev\test\so\0187>_

Bizarre result w/hang when <iostream> is included:

H:\dev\test\so\0187>g++ -std=c++11 -D INCLUDE_IOSTREAM barx.cpp

H:\dev\test\so\0187>a
Hex of 5.000 with  6 digits: 0xa.000000p-1
Hex of 5.000 with  7 digits: 0xa.0000000p-1
Hex of 5.000 with  8 digits: 0x0.00000000p-33           ← Weird.
^C                                                      ← Hang, Ctrl+C
H:\dev\test\so\0187>_

I’m asking for a fix or workaround.

回答1:

Microsoft's implementation has a number of printf bugs, and these affect MinGW by default (#377, #407, et al).

In all cases the recommendation appears to be to define __USE_MINGW_ANSI_STDIO as 1 in the preprocessor to use MinGW's own ANSI-compliant implementation instead.

Presumably, Visual Studio has its own internal workarounds for the flaws in the underlying system code.

来源：https://stackoverflow.com/questions/27161720/fix-for-bizarre-a-format-behavior-with-g-4-9-1

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c++

g++

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compiler-bug