问题
I came across some problem when I was trying to use parallel package in R on my Mac.
Here is how the parallel package works normally.
cl = makeCluster(2) # Using 2-core parallel as an example
# Your parallel code
stopCluster(cl)
When I ran this code, the cl = makeCluster(2) hangs infinitely. I was trying to solve it but failed. I also referred to some other posts. Several potential reasons includes not enough memory, installation error, etc. They do not seems to be the problem here, as I restarted sessions, reinstalled R, but the problem remained.
I guess the problem is about the permission when R tried to connect to cores. Here is what I found out. I used future package to see the specific process of connecting to cores. Attached are the code and its return.
cl <- future::makeClusterPSOCK(2, verbose = TRUE)
Workers: [n = 2] ‘localhost’, ‘localhost’ Base port: 11303 Creating node 1 of 2 ... - setting up node Starting worker #1 on ‘localhost’: '/Library/Frameworks/R.framework/Resources/bin/Rscript' --default packages=datasets,utils,grDevices,graphics,stats,methods -e 'parallel:::.slaveRSOCK()' MASTER=localhost PORT=11303 OUT=/dev/null TIMEOUT=2592000 XDR=TRUE
Waiting for worker #1 on ‘localhost’ to connect back
The problem is the localhost never connects back ...
The following my the session info. I hope this helps.
R version 3.5.1 (2018-07-02).
Platform: x86_64-apple-darwin15.6.0 (64-bit).
Running under: macOS High Sierra 10.13.6.Matrix products: default.
BLAS: /System/Library/Frameworks/Accelerate.framework/Versions/A/Frameworks/vecLib.framework/Versions/A/libBLAS.dylib.
LAPACK: /Library/Frameworks/R.framework/Versions/3.5/Resources/lib/libRlapack.dyliblocale:
[1] en_US.UTF-8/en_US.UTF-8/en_US.UTF-8/C/en_US.UTF-8/en_US.UTF-8attached base packages:
[1] stats graphics grDevices utils datasets methods baseloaded via a namespace (and not attached):
[1] compiler_3.5.1 parallel_3.5.1 tools_3.5.1 listenv_0.7.0 codetools_0.2-15 digest_0.6.16
[7] globals_0.12.2 future_1.9.0
It's interesting that the same code works on my old Mac machine (same OS but the hardware is older). I have no idea what is happening here. Any help is appreciated! Thanks!
回答1:
Several potential reasons includes not enough memory, installation error, etc. They do not seems to be the problem here, as I restarted sessions, reinstalled R, but the problem remained.
Correct, those type of problems should not be involved here. The calls you've shown use basic built-in functionalities of R (mostly from the 'parallel' package) and there's very little memory usage involved.
I guess the problem is about the permission when R tried to connect to cores. [...]
Both parallel:makeCluster(2) and future::makeClusterPSOCK(2) launches workers (using the parallel:::.slaveRSOCK()) that are independent R sessions that run in the background. The master session and these workers communicate via sockets. So, yes, it could be that you have firewall issues preventing R from opening those ports. (I don't know enough macOS to troubleshoot that)
By setting outfile = NULL, you will also get information on what happens on the workers' end. Here is what it should look like when it works:
> cl <- future::makeClusterPSOCK(1, outfile = NULL, verbose = TRUE)
Workers: [n = 1] ‘localhost’
Base port: 11306
Creating node 1 of 1 ...
- setting up node
Starting worker #1 on ‘localhost’: '/usr/lib/R/bin/Rscript' --default-packages=datasets,utils,grDevices,graphics,stats,methods -e 'parallel:::.slaveRSOCK()' MASTER=localhost PORT=11306 OUT= TIMEOUT=2592000 XDR=TRUE
Waiting for worker #1 on ‘localhost’ to connect back
starting worker pid=7608 on localhost:11306 at 14:46:57.827
Connection with worker #1 on ‘localhost’ established
- assigning connection UUID
- collecting session information
Creating node 1 of 1 ... done
PS. You only need one worker to troubleshoot this.
回答2:
After weeks of trying I finally solved this problem. I am putting my answer here.
The problem is actually caused by some unknown firewall issue within the macOS. The solution for this is to reinstall the entire operating system ... I know this sounds stupid and troublesome, but the problem is solved after that.
The motivation for doing so is that I happen to notice I do not have access to some of my folders under the home directory (I tried to use sudo to modify some files but was not granted access). This is my personal laptop and there is not supposed to have such issue. I then realize that this Mac was synced from my old Mac. The syncing process might cause some firewall issues.
来源：https://stackoverflow.com/questions/52264460/r-parallel-makecluster-hangs-infinitely-on-mac