python docx set table cell background and text color

问题

I am using python 2.7 with docx and I would like to change the background and text color of cells in my table based on condition.

I could not find any usefull resources about single cell formatting

Any suggestions?

Edit 1

my code

style_footer = "DarkList"
style_red = "ColorfulList"
style_yellow = "LightShading"
style_green = "MediumShading2-Accent6"
style_transperent = "TableNormal"
for a,rec in enumerate(data):
    #V headinh se piše prvo polje iz table heada
    document.add_heading(rec['tableHead'][0][0], level=1)
    image_path = imageFolder + "\\" + slike[a]
    document.add_picture(image_path, height=Inches(3.5))

    #y += 28
    #worksheet.insert_image( y, 1,imageFolder + "/" + slike[a])


    for i, head in enumerate(rec['tableHead']):
        table = document.add_table(rows=1, cols = len(head))
        hdr_cells = table.rows[0].cells
        for a in range(0,len(head)):
            hdr_cells[a].text = head[a] 


    for a,body in enumerate(rec['tableData']):
        row_cells = table.add_row().cells

        for a in range(0,len(body)):
            if body[a]['style'] == 'footer':
                stil = style_footer
            elif body[a]['style'] == 'red':
                stil = style_red

            elif body[a]['style'] == 'yellow':
                stil = style_yellow
            elif body[a]['style'] == 'green':
                stil = style_green

            else:
                stil = style_transperent

            row_cells[a].add_paragraph(body[a]['value'], stil)

document.save(wordDoc)

All cells are still the same.

回答1:

If you want to color fill a specific cell in a table you can use the code below. For example let's say you need to fill the first cell in the first row of your table with the RGB color 1F5C8B:

from docx.oxml.ns import nsdecls
from docx.oxml import parse_xml

shading_elm_1 = parse_xml(r'<w:shd {} w:fill="1F5C8B"/>'.format(nsdecls('w')))
table.rows[0].cells[0]._tc.get_or_add_tcPr().append(shading_elm_1)

Now if you want to also fill the second cell in the first row with the same color, you should create a new element otherwise if you use the same element as above the fill will move on and will disappear from the first cell...

shading_elm_2 = parse_xml(r'<w:shd {} w:fill="1F5C8B"/>'.format(nsdecls('w')))
table.rows[0].cells[1]._tc.get_or_add_tcPr().append(shading_elm_2)

...and so on for other cells.

Source: https://groups.google.com/forum/#!topic/python-docx/-c3OrRHA3qo

回答2:

What we found is that, if you do cell.add_paragraph('sometext', style_object), it will keep the existing empty paragraph and add an additional paragraph with the style, which is not ideal.

What you will want to do is something like:

# replace the entire content of cell with new text paragraph
cell.text = 'some text'
# assign new style to the first paragraph
cell.paragraphs[0].style = style_object

Note that the style is applied to the paragraph not the cell, which isn't ideal for background colors (since it won't fill the enter cell if you have some padding. I haven't found a way around that (except in the case where you want EVERY cell to have a background color, you can apply a style to table.style).

Also, make sure that your styles are defined. You can check

styles = documents.styles
for s in styles:
  print s.name

to see all the styles you have. You can define new styles and also load a template document with pre-defined styles already.

回答3:

It looks like instead of using the cell.text = "Something" method you need to use the cell.add_paragraph("SomeText", a_style) with a defined style - probably one of:

ColorfulGrid
ColorfulGrid-Accent1
ColorfulGrid-Accent2
ColorfulGrid-Accent3
ColorfulGrid-Accent4
ColorfulGrid-Accent5
ColorfulGrid-Accent6

Full list here.

If you use the “default” template document - otherwise you will have to create your own.

回答4:

Taking from Nikos Tavoularis answer I would just change the shading_elm_1 declaration, as if you include the cell color in a loop for instance things might get messy.

As such, my suggestion would be:

from docx.oxml.ns import nsdecls
from docx.oxml import parse_xml

table.rows[0].cells[0]._tc.get_or_add_tcPr().append(parse_xml(r'<w:shd {} w:fill="1F5C8B"/>'.format(nsdecls('w'))))

来源：https://stackoverflow.com/questions/26752856/python-docx-set-table-cell-background-and-text-color

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