问题
I'm defining the following syntax rules in a vimscript:
hi MyBold term=bold gui=bold
hi MyRed ctermfg=red guifg=#ff0000
And later on, I want to apply both highlights to the same character. So basically, I tried the following:
syn match MyRed /\%1c\%1l./
syn match MyBold /\%1c\%1l./
but then the second match replaces the first match. So, I further read the help on syntax match, and also the answer to that question and I tried playing with the syn match parameters:
syn match MyRed /\%1c\%1l./ contains=CONTAINED
syn match MyBold /\%1c\%1l./ contained
but it still behaves the exact same way.
So, how could I use two syntax matches to change independently the background and the foreground of the same character?
回答1:
You can't. For each character, Vim only uses one particular highlight group, determined by the last, "most inner" non-transparent syntax group match.
To work around this, define a combined highlight group and corresponding :syntax commands.
:hi MyBoldRed cterm=bold ctermfg=red gui=bold guifg=#ff0000
Some syntaxes (e.g. $VIMRUNTIME/syntax/html.vim, and various Wiki formats) use that for combining bold, italic and underline, but it gets tedious and repetitive after that. But remember that Vim is not meant for WYSIWYG; syntax highlighting just provides some hints.
Edit: There's a patch proposed that would add a combine modifier for :syntax commands; it's in Bram's Todo list.
来源：https://stackoverflow.com/questions/15974439/superpose-two-vim-syntax-matches-on-the-same-character