How can I view log files in Linux and apply custom filters while viewing?

问题

I need to read through some gigantic log files on a Linux system. There's a lot of clutter in the logs. At the moment I'm doing something like this:

cat logfile.txt | grep -v "IgnoreThis\|IgnoreThat" | less

But it's cumbersome -- every time I want to add another filter, I need to quit less and edit the command line. Some of the filters are relatively complicated and may be multi-line.

I'd like some way to apply filters as I am reading through the log, and a way to save these filters somewhere.

Is there a tool that can do this for me? I can't install new software so hopefully it's something that would already be installed -- e.g., less, vi, something in a Python or Perl lib, etc.

Changing the code that generates the log to generate less is not an option.

回答1:

Try the multitail tool - as well as letting you view multile logs at once, I'm pretty sure it lets you apply regex filters interactively.

回答2:

Use &pattern command within less.

From the man page for less

&pattern

          Display  only  lines which match the pattern; lines which do not
          match the pattern are not displayed.  If pattern  is  empty  (if
          you  type  &  immediately  followed  by ENTER), any filtering is
          turned off, and all lines are displayed.  While filtering is  in
          effect,  an  ampersand  is  displayed  at  the  beginning of the
          prompt, as a reminder that some lines in the file may be hidden.

          Certain characters are special as in the / command:

          ^N or !
                 Display only lines which do NOT match the pattern.

          ^R     Don't interpret regular expression  metacharacters;  that
                 is, do a simple textual comparison.

回答3:

Based on ghostdog74's answer and the less manpage, I came up with this:

`~/.bashrc`:

export LESSOPEN='|~/less-filter.sh %s'
export LESS=-R  # to allow ANSI colors

`~/less-filter.sh`:

#!/bin/sh
case "$1" in
*logfile*.log*) ~/less-filter.sed < $1
  ;;
esac

`~/less-filter.sed`:

/deleteLinesLikeThis/d  # to filter out lines
s/this/that/  # to change text on lines (useful to colorize using ANSI escapes)

Then:

less logfileFooBar.log.1 -- applies the filter applies automatically.
cat logfileFooBar.log.1 | less -- to see the log without filtering

This is adequate for now but I would still like to be able to edit the filters on the fly.

回答4:

see the man page of less. there are some options you can use to search for words for example. It has line editing mode as well.

回答5:

There's an application by Casstor Software Solutions called LogFilter (www.casstor.com) that can edit Windows/Mac/Linux text files and can easily perform file filtering. It supports multiple filters as well as regular expressions. I think it might be what you're looking for.

来源：https://stackoverflow.com/questions/2338812/how-can-i-view-log-files-in-linux-and-apply-custom-filters-while-viewing

标签

Linux

filter

logfiles