问题
I have been struggling to identify the cause of an error in a PPT Add-in that is distributed across about 40 end users.
Problem: loss of the ribbon state/loss of the ribbonUI object.
For some users, eventually the Rib object becomes Nothing.
Users assure me they are not getting any run-time errors nor script errors (from COM object that we also invoke through this add-in). An unhandled error, if user hits End would expectedly cause the state loss.
None of the users have been able to reliably reproduce the scenario which causes the observed failure. This is what makes it very difficult to troubleshoot. I am hoping against hope that there is something obvious that I'm missing, or that I didn't anticipate.
How I currently handle loss or RibbonUI
In attempt to combat this, I store the object pointer to the ribbon in THREE places, this seems like overkill to me but it is still apparently not sufficient:
- A class object called
cbRibbonhas a property.RibbonUIwhich is assigned;Set cbRibbon.RibbonUI = Ribduring the ribbon'sonLoadcallback procedure. So we have abyRefcopy of the object itself. If the ribbon is nothing, theoretically I canSet rib = cbRibbon.RibbonUIand this works unlesscbRibbonobject is also out of scope. - The
cbRibbonobject has property.Pointerwhich is assigned:cbRibbon.Pointer = ObjPtr(Rib). - A
CustomDocumentPropertycalled "RibbonPointer" is also used to store a reference to the object pointer. (Note: This persists even beyond state loss)
So you can see I've given some thought to this in attempt to replicate the way of storing this pointer the way one might store it in a hidden worksheet/range in Excel.
Additional information
I can see from robust client-side logging that this the error appears to happen usually but not always during the procedure below, which is used to refresh/invalidate the ribbon and its controls.
This procedure is called any time I need to dynamically refresh the ribbon or part of its controls:
Call RefreshRibbon(id)
The error appears to (sometimes, I can't stress this enough: the error cannot be replicated on-demand) happen during a full refresh, which is called like:
Call RefreshRibbon("")
This is the procedure that does the invalidation:
Sub RefreshRibbon(id As String)
If Rib Is Nothing Then
If RibbonError(id) Then GoTo ErrorExit
End If
Select Case id
Case vbNullString, "", "RibbonUI"
Call Logger.LogEvent("RefreshRibbon: Rib.Invalidate", Array("RibbonUI", _
"Ribbon:" & CStr(Not Rib Is Nothing), _
"Pointer:" & ObjPtr(Rib)))
Rib.Invalidate
Case Else
Call Logger.LogEvent("RefreshRibbon: Rib.InvalidateControl", Array(id, _
"Ribbon:" & CStr(Not Rib Is Nothing), _
"Pointer:" & ObjPtr(Rib)))
Rib.InvalidateControl id
End Select
Exit Sub
ErrorExit:
End Sub
As you can see, the very first thing I do in this procedure is test the Rib object for Nothing-ness. If this evaluates to True, then the RibbonUI object has somehow been lost.
The error function then attempts to re-instantiate the ribbon: first from cbRibbon.RibbonUI, then from the cbRibbon.Pointer and if both of those fails, then from the CustomDocumentProperties("RibbonPointer") value. If neither of these succeeds, then we display a fatal error and the user is prompted to close the PowerPoint application. If any one of these succeeds, then the ribbon is reloaded programmatically and everything continues to work.
Here is the code for that procedure. Note that it calls several other procedures which I have not included code for. These are helper functions or logger functions. The .GetPointer method actually invokes the WinAPI CopyMemory function to reload the object from its pointer value.
Function RibbonError(id As String) As Boolean
'Checks for state loss of the ribbon
Dim ret As Boolean
If id = vbNullString Then id = "RibbonUI"
Call Logger.LogEvent("RibbonError", Array("Checking for Error with Ribbon" & vbCrLf & _
"id: " & id, _
"Pointer: " & ObjPtr(Rib), _
"cbPointer: " & cbRibbon.Pointer))
If Not Rib Is Nothing Then
GoTo EarlyExit
End If
On Error Resume Next
'Attempt to restore from class object:
Set Rib = cbRibbon.ribbonUI
'Attempt to restore from Pointer reference if that fails:
If Rib Is Nothing Then
'Call Logger.LogEvent("Attempt to Restore from cbRibbon", Array(cbRibbon.Pointer))
If Not CLng(cbRibbon.Pointer) = 0 Then
Set Rib = cbRibbon.GetRibbon(cbRibbon.Pointer)
End If
End If
'Attempt to restore from CDP
If Rib Is Nothing Then
'Call Logger.LogEvent("Attempt to Restore from CDP", Array(MyDoc.CustomDocumentProperties("RibbonPointer")))
If HasCustomProperty("RibbonPointer") Then
cbRibbon.Pointer = CLng(MyDoc.CustomDocumentProperties("RibbonPointer"))
Set Rib = cbRibbon.GetRibbon(cbRibbon.Pointer)
End If
End If
On Error GoTo 0
If Rib Is Nothing Then
Debug.Print "Pointer value was: " & cbRibbon.Pointer
'Since we can't restore from an invalid pointer, erase this in the CDP
' a value of "0" will set Rib = Nothing, anything else will crash the appliation
Call SetCustomProperty("RibbonPointer", "0")
Else
'Reload the restored ribbon:
Call RibbonOnLoad(Rib)
Call SetCustomProperty("RibbonPointer", ObjPtr(Rib))
cbRibbon.Pointer = ObjPtr(Rib)
End If
'Make sure the ribbon exists or was able to be restored
ret = (Rib Is Nothing)
If ret Then
'Inform the user
MsgBox "A fatal error has been encountered. Please save & restart the presentation", vbCritical, Application.Name
'Log the event to file
Call Logger.LogEvent("RibbonError", Array("FATAL ERROR"))
Call ReleaseTrap
End If
EarlyExit:
RibbonError = ret
End Function
All of this works perfectly well in theory and in fact I can straight-up kill run-time (by invoking the End statement or otherwise) and these procedures reset the ribbon as expected.
So, what am I missing?
回答1:
OK I forgot about this... while I still have not pinpointed the error I have some ideas that users are simply not reporting unhandled runtime errors and instead they're hitting "End" when prompted by PowerPoint.
I'm reasonably certain that is the cause and I have confirmation that in many cases, that sort of error precedes the "crash", so I'm updating to resolve that soon.
Otherwise, here is the method I ultimately have been using for several months, with success.
Create a procedure that writes the Pointer value of the ribbon on the user's machine. I didn't want to do this, but ultimately had to:
Sub LogRibbon(pointer As Long)
'Writes the ribbon pointer to a text file
Dim filename As String
Dim FF As Integer
filename = "C:\users\" & Environ("username") & "\AppData\Roaming\Microsoft\AddIns\pointer.txt"
FF = FreeFile
Open filename For Output As FF
Print #FF, pointer
Close FF
End Sub
In the ribbon's _OnLoad event handler, I call the LogRibbon procedure:
Public Rib As IRibbonUI
Public cbRibbon As New cRibbonProperties
Sub RibbonOnLoad(ribbon As IRibbonUI)
'Callback for customUI.onLoad
Set Rib = ribbon
Call LogRibbon(ObjPtr(Rib))
'Store the properties so we can easily access them later
cbRibbon.ribbonUI = Rib
End Sub
I created a class object to store some information about the ribbon to avoid repeated and slow calls to an external API, but for this purpose you can create a class that stores just the pointer value. That is referenced above in the cbRibbon.ribbonUI = Rib. This GetRibbon method of this class uses the CopyMemory function from WinAPI to restore the object from it's pointer.
Option Explicit
Private Declare Sub CopyMemory Lib "kernel32" Alias _
"RtlMoveMemory" (destination As Any, source As Any, _
ByVal length As Long)
'example ported from Excel:
'http://www.excelguru.ca/blog/2006/11/29/modifying-the-ribbon-part-6/
Private pControls As Object
Private pRibbonUI As IRibbonUI
Private pPointer As Long
Sub Class_Initialize()
'Elsewhere I add some controls to this dictionary so taht I can invoke their event procedures programmatically:
Set pControls = CreateObject("Scripting.Dictionary")
Set pRibbonUI = Rib
Call SaveRibbonPointer(Rib)
pConnected = False
End Sub
'#############################################################
'hold a reference to the ribbon itself
Public Property Let ribbonUI(iRib As IRibbonUI)
'Set RibbonUI to property for later use
Set pRibbonUI = iRib
End Property
Public Property Get ribbonUI() As IRibbonUI
'Retrieve RibbonUI from property for use
Set ribbonUI = pRibbonUI
End Property
'http://www.mrexcel.com/forum/excel-questions/518629-how-preserve-regain-id-my-custom-ribbon-ui.html
Public Sub SaveRibbonPointer(ribbon As IRibbonUI)
Dim lngRibPtr As Long
' Store the custom ribbon UI Id in a static variable.
' This is done once during load of UI.
lngRibPtr = ObjPtr(ribbon)
cbRibbon.pointer = lngRibPtr
End Sub
Function GetRibbon(lngRibPtr As Long) As Object
'Uses CopyMemory function to re-load a ribbon that
' has been inadvertently lost due to run-time error/etc.
Dim filename As String
Dim ret As Long
Dim objRibbon As Object
filename = "C:\users\" & Environ("username") & "\AppData\Roaming\Microsoft\AddIns\pointer.txt"
On Error Resume Next
With CreateObject("Scripting.FileSystemObject").GetFile(filename)
ret = .OpenAsTextStream.ReadLine
End With
On Error GoTo 0
If lngRibPtr = 0 Then
lngRibPtr = ret
End If
CopyMemory objRibbon, lngRibPtr, 4
Set GetRibbon = objRibbon
' clean up invalid object
CopyMemory objRibbon, 0&, 4
Set objRibbon = Nothing
End Function
'##############################################################
' Store the pointer reference to the RibbonUI
Public Property Let pointer(p As Long)
pPointer = p
End Property
Public Property Get pointer() As Long
pointer = pPointer
End Property
'#############################################################
'Dictionary of control properties for Dropdowns/ComboBox
Public Property Let properties(p As Object)
Set pProperties = p
End Property
Public Property Get properties() As Object
Set properties = pProperties
End Property
Then, I have a function which checks for loss of ribbon, and restores from the pointer value. This one actually invokes the OnLoad procedure, which we can do since we have an object variable (or class object property) representing the Ribbon object).
Function RibbonError(id As String) As Boolean
'Checks for state loss of the ribbon
Dim ret As Boolean
Dim ptr As Long
Dim src As String
On Error Resume Next
If Not Rib Is Nothing Then
GoTo EarlyExit
End If
If Rib is Nothing then
ptr = GetPointerFile
cbRibbon.pointer = ptr
Set Rib = cbRibbon.GetRibbon(ptr)
End If
On Error GoTo 0
'make sure the ribbon has been restored or exists:
ret = (Rib is Nothing)
If Not ret then
'Reload the restored ribbon by invoking the OnLoad procedure
' we can only do this because we have a handle on the Ribbon object now
Call RibbonOnLoad(Rib)
cbRibbon.pointer = ObjPtr(Rib) 'store the new pointer
Else
MsgBox "A fatal error has been encountered.", vbCritical
End If
EarlyExit:
RibbonError = ret
End Function
Call on the RibbonError function any time you are going to refresh the ribbon through either Invalidate or InvalidateControl methods.
The code above may not 100% compile -- I had to modify it and trim some stuff out, so let me know if you have any problems trying to implement it!
回答2:
Found the real solution: Credit
Public Declare Sub CopyMemory Lib "kernel32" Alias _
"RtlMoveMemory" (destination As Any, source As Any, _
ByVal length As Long)
Public Sub ribbon L o a ded(ribbon As IRibbonUI)
' Store pointer to IRibbonUI
Dim lngRibPtr As Long
' Store the custom ribbon UI Id in a static variable.
' This is done once during load of UI. I.e. during workbook open.
Set guiRibbon = ribbon
lngRibPtr = ObjPtr(ribbon)
' Write pointer to worksheet for safe keeping
Tabelle2.Range("A1").Value = lngRibPtr
End Sub
Function GetRibbon(lngRibPtr as Long) As Object
Dim objRibbon As Object
CopyMemory objRibbon, lngRibPtr, 4
Set GetRibbon = objRibbon
' clean up invalid object
CopyMemory objRibbon, 0&, 4
Set objRibbon = Nothing
End Function
Then
Public Sub DoButton(ByVal control As IRibbonControl)
' The onAction callback for btn1 and btn2
' Toggle state
Toggle12 = Not Toggle12
' Invalidate the ribbon UI so that the enabled-states get reloaded
If Not (guiRibbon Is Nothing) Then
' Invalidate will force the UI to reload and thereby ask for their enabled-states
guiRibbon.Invalidate 'Control ("tabCustom") InvalidateControl does not work reliably
Else
Set guiRibbon = GetRibbon(CLng(Tabelle2.Range("A1").Value))
guiRibbon.Invalidate
' The static guiRibbon-variable was meanwhile lost
' MsgBox "Due to a design flaw in the architecture of the MS ribbon UI you have to close " & _
' "and reopen this workbook." & vbNewLine & vbNewLine & _
' "Very sorry about that.", vbExclamation + vbOKOnly
MsgBox "Hopefully this is sorted now?"
' Note: In the help we can find
' guiRibbon.Refresh
' but unfortunately this is not implemented.
' It is exactly what we should have instead of that brute force reload mechanism.
End If
End Sub
来源：https://stackoverflow.com/questions/27154573/powerpoint-add-in-loss-of-ribbonui