Default libraries in freshly created Python virtual environment
问题 I created a new virtual environment using the python virtualenv tool. virtualenv venv I then activated the virtual environment source venv/bin/activate Then I did a pip freeze and this is what I got: (venv)$ pip freeze Flask==0.10.1 Werkzeug==0.9.6 itsdangerous==0.24 lxml==3.4.0 numpy==1.9.1 pdir==0.2.2 virtualenv==1.11.6 wsgiref==0.1.2 I am wondering how so many libraries got installed when I did not even install anything in the virtual environment explicitly. UPDATE 1 : When some of the