python-module

Python: What's the difference between __builtin__ and __builtins__?

由 谁说我不能喝 提交于 2019-11-26 06:05:59
问题 I was coding today and noticed something. If I open a new interpreter session (IDLE) and check what\'s defined with the dir function I get this: $ python >>> dir() [\'__builtins__\', \'__doc__\', \'__name__\', \'__package__\'] >>> dir(__builtins__) [\'ArithmeticError\', \'AssertionError\', \'AttributeError\', \'BaseException\', \'BufferError\', \'BytesWarning\', \'DeprecationWarning\', \'EOFError\', \'Ellipsis\', \'EnvironmentError\', \'Exception\', \'False\', \'FloatingPointError\', \

Collapse multiple submodules to one Cython extension

由 |▌冷眼眸甩不掉的悲伤 提交于 2019-11-26 05:38:45
问题 This setup.py: from distutils.core import setup from distutils.extension import Extension from Cython.Build import cythonize extensions = ( Extension(\'myext\', [\'myext/__init__.py\', \'myext/algorithms/__init__.py\', \'myext/algorithms/dumb.py\', \'myext/algorithms/combine.py\']) ) setup( name=\'myext\', ext_modules=cythonize(extensions) ) Doesn\'t have the intended effect. I want it to produce a single myext.so , which it does; but when I invoke it via python -m myext.so I get: ValueError:

What exactly is a “raw string regex” and how can you use it?

由 ≯℡__Kan透↙ 提交于 2019-11-26 03:29:57
问题 From the python documentation on regex, regarding the \'\\\' character: The solution is to use Python’s raw string notation for regular expression patterns; backslashes are not handled in any special way in a string literal prefixed with \'r\' . So r\"\\n\" is a two-character string containing \'\\\' and \'n\' , while \"\\n\" is a one-character string containing a newline. Usually patterns will be expressed in Python code using this raw string notation. What is this raw string notation? If

Can modules have properties the same way that objects can?

由 别来无恙 提交于 2019-11-26 03:08:04
问题 With python properties, I can make it such that obj.y calls a function rather than just returning a value. Is there a way to do this with modules? I have a case where I want module.y to call a function, rather than just returning the value stored there. 回答1: Only instances of new-style classes can have properties. You can make Python believe such an instance is a module by stashing it in sys.modules[thename] = theinstance . So, for example, your m.py module file could be: import sys class _M

Unable to import a module that is definitely installed

由 落花浮王杯 提交于 2019-11-26 01:47:03
问题 After installing mechanize, I don\'t seem to be able to import it. I have tried installing from pip, easy_install, and via python setup.py install from this repo: https://github.com/abielr/mechanize. All of this to no avail, as each time I enter my Python interactive I get: Python 2.7.3 (default, Aug 1 2012, 05:14:39) [GCC 4.6.3] on linux2 Type \"help\", \"copyright\", \"credits\" or \"license\" for more information. >>> import mechanize Traceback (most recent call last): File \"<stdin>\",

Installing python module within code

由 爷，独闯天下 提交于 2019-11-25 23:59:26
问题 I need to install a package from PyPi straight within my script. Maybe there\'s some module or distutils ( distribute , pip etc.) feature which allows me to just execute something like pypi.install(\'requests\') and requests will be installed into my virtualenv. 回答1: You can also use something like: import pip def install(package): if hasattr(pip, 'main'): pip.main(['install', package]) else: pip._internal.main(['install', package]) # Example if __name__ == '__main__': install('argh') 回答2:

How to import a module given the full path?

由 吃可爱长大的小学妹 提交于 2019-11-25 22:53:28
问题 How can I load a Python module given its full path? Note that the file can be anywhere in the filesystem, as it is a configuration option. 回答1: For Python 3.5+ use: import importlib.util spec = importlib.util.spec_from_file_location("module.name", "/path/to/file.py") foo = importlib.util.module_from_spec(spec) spec.loader.exec_module(foo) foo.MyClass() For Python 3.3 and 3.4 use: from importlib.machinery import SourceFileLoader foo = SourceFileLoader("module.name", "/path/to/file.py").load

How to do relative imports in Python?

由 ↘锁芯ラ 提交于 2019-11-25 22:15:20
问题 Imagine this directory structure: app/ __init__.py sub1/ __init__.py mod1.py sub2/ __init__.py mod2.py I\'m coding mod1 , and I need to import something from mod2 . How should I do it? I tried from ..sub2 import mod2 but I\'m getting an \"Attempted relative import in non-package\". I googled around but found only \" sys.path manipulation\" hacks. Isn\'t there a clean way? Edit: all my __init__.py \'s are currently empty Edit2: I\'m trying to do this because sub2 contains classes that are

Unable to import a module that is definitely installed

由 孤街浪徒 提交于 2019-11-25 21:35:36
After installing mechanize , I don't seem to be able to import it. I have tried installing from pip, easy_install, and via python setup.py install from this repo: https://github.com/abielr/mechanize . All of this to no avail, as each time I enter my Python interactive I get: Python 2.7.3 (default, Aug 1 2012, 05:14:39) [GCC 4.6.3] on linux2 Type "help", "copyright", "credits" or "license" for more information. >>> import mechanize Traceback (most recent call last): File "<stdin>", line 1, in <module> ImportError: No module named mechanize >>> The installations I ran previously reported that

Importing installed package from script raises “AttributeError: module has no attribute” or “ImportError: cannot import name”

由 喜夏-厌秋 提交于 2019-11-25 21:34:21
问题 I have a script named requests.py that imports the requests package. The script either can\'t access attributes from the package, or can\'t import them. Why isn\'t this working and how do I fix it? The following code raises an AttributeError . import requests res = requests.get(\'http://www.google.ca\') print(res) Traceback (most recent call last): File \"/Users/me/dev/rough/requests.py\", line 1, in <module> import requests File \"/Users/me/dev/rough/requests.py\", line 3, in <module>
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