地球坐标转换(度分秒转度),火星坐标,百度坐标转换 c++,js ,c# 算法通用

匿名 (未验证) 提交于 2019-12-02 23:05:13

地球坐标,火星坐标,百度坐标转换

标准地球坐标即GPS设备获得的坐标,该坐标需要经过国家测绘局进行加密后形成火星坐标(GCJ-02 ),我们用的google坐标和高德地图坐标也就是火星坐标

百度地图,在火星坐标的基础上再进行一次加密,形成了百度地图上的坐标,因此,直接将标准地球坐标显示在百度地图上是会有几百米的偏差的。按照此原理,标准GPS坐标经过两步的转换可得到百度坐标。因为在处理百度地图时,例如查询其POI都需要百度地图上的坐标,而不是标准坐标,那么这样的转换就是必要的了。下面是两步转换的C++ 程序,供开发的人做一个参考。

标准gps WGS-84 :gps硬件 ,google地球
火星坐标 GCJ-02:google地图 、 高德地图
百度坐标BD-09 :百度坐标转换

注意: 一般从GPS设备上取到的是标准GPS数据,也就是原始第一层数据, 同时其可能是度、度分、度分秒的格式数据,最后都要转化为度的数据进行运算,转化方式如下
度格式 = 度+分/60;(数据为度分)
例子 30°33.1786(度分格式) = (度格式) 30 +33.1786/60= 30.552976666666666666666666666667(度格式);
度格式 =度+分/60 +秒/3600;(数据为度分秒)
同上

//============================================================================   // Name        : Convert_cpp.cpp   // Author      : roger   // Version     :   // Copyright   : Your copyright notice   // Description : Hello World in C++, Ansi-style   //============================================================================    #include <iostream>   #include <math.h>   #include <stdlib.h>   #include <iomanip>   using namespace std;    const double pi = 3.14159265358979324;       const double a = 6378245.0;       const double ee = 0.00669342162296594323;       const  double x_pi = 3.14159265358979324 * 3000.0 / 180.0;        bool outOfChina(double lat, double lon)       {           if (lon < 72.004 || lon > 137.8347)               return true;           if (lat < 0.8293 || lat > 55.8271)               return true;           return false;       }         double transformLat(double x, double y)       {           double ret = -100.0 + 2.0 * x + 3.0 * y + 0.2 * y * y + 0.1 * x * y + 0.2 * sqrt(abs(x));           ret += (20.0 * sin(6.0 * x * pi) + 20.0 * sin(2.0 * x * pi)) * 2.0 / 3.0;           ret += (20.0 * sin(y * pi) + 40.0 * sin(y / 3.0 * pi)) * 2.0 / 3.0;           ret += (160.0 * sin(y / 12.0 * pi) + 320 * sin(y * pi / 30.0)) * 2.0 / 3.0;           return ret;       }         double transformLon(double x, double y)       {           double ret = 300.0 + x + 2.0 * y + 0.1 * x * x + 0.1 * x * y + 0.1 * sqrt(abs(x));           ret += (20.0 * sin(6.0 * x * pi) + 20.0 * sin(2.0 * x * pi)) * 2.0 / 3.0;           ret += (20.0 * sin(x * pi) + 40.0 * sin(x / 3.0 * pi)) * 2.0 / 3.0;           ret += (150.0 * sin(x / 12.0 * pi) + 300.0 * sin(x / 30.0 * pi)) * 2.0 / 3.0;           return ret;       }        /**       * 地球坐标转换为火星坐标       * World Geodetic System ==> Mars Geodetic System       *       * @param wgLat  地球坐标       * @param wgLon       *       * mglat,mglon 火星坐标       */        void transform2Mars(double wgLat, double wgLon,double &mgLat,double &mgLon)       {           if (outOfChina(wgLat, wgLon))           {               mgLat  = wgLat;               mgLon = wgLon;               return ;           }           double dLat = transformLat(wgLon - 105.0, wgLat - 35.0);           double dLon = transformLon(wgLon - 105.0, wgLat - 35.0);           double radLat = wgLat / 180.0 * pi;           double magic = sin(radLat);           magic = 1 - ee * magic * magic;           double sqrtMagic = sqrt(magic);           dLat = (dLat * 180.0) / ((a * (1 - ee)) / (magic * sqrtMagic) * pi);           dLon = (dLon * 180.0) / (a / sqrtMagic * cos(radLat) * pi);           mgLat = wgLat + dLat;           mgLon = wgLon + dLon;        }        /**       * 火星坐标转换为百度坐标       * @param gg_lat       * @param gg_lon       */        void bd_encrypt(double gg_lat, double gg_lon,double &bd_lat,double & bd_lon)       {           double x = gg_lon, y = gg_lat;           double z = sqrt(x * x + y * y) + 0.00002 * sin(y * x_pi);           double theta = atan2(y, x) + 0.000003 * cos(x * x_pi);           bd_lon = z * cos(theta) + 0.0065;           bd_lat = z * sin(theta) + 0.006;        }        /**       * 百度转火星       * @param bd_lat       * @param bd_lon       */        void bd_decrypt(double bd_lat, double bd_lon,double &gg_lat,double &gg_lon)       {           double x = bd_lon - 0.0065, y = bd_lat - 0.006;           double z = sqrt(x * x + y * y) - 0.00002 * sin(y * x_pi);           double theta = atan2(y, x) - 0.000003 * cos(x * x_pi);           gg_lon = z * cos(theta);           gg_lat = z * sin(theta);        }      int main() {       double lat = 30.227607;       double lon = 120.036565;        //真实的经纬度转化为百度地图上的经纬度,便于计算百度POI       double marsLat = 0;       double marsLon = 0;       double resultLat = 0;       double resultLon = 0;       transform2Mars(lat,lon,marsLat,marsLon);       bd_encrypt(marsLat,marsLon,resultLat,resultLon);        //30.2193456 120.0348264       cout<<setprecision(10)<<resultLat<<" "<<setprecision(10)<<resultLon<<endl;    }    下面是 c#代码     public class GisHelper     {         private const double EARTH_RADIUS = 6378137;          /// <summary>         /// 计算两点位置的距离,返回两点的距离,单位:米         /// 该公式为GOOGLE提供,误差小于0.2米         /// </summary>         /// <param name="lng1">第一点经度</param>         /// <param name="lat1">第一点纬度</param>                 /// <param name="lng2">第二点经度</param>         /// <param name="lat2">第二点纬度</param>         /// <returns></returns>         public static double GetDistance(double lng1, double lat1, double lng2, double lat2)         {             double radLat1 = Rad(lat1);             double radLng1 = Rad(lng1);             double radLat2 = Rad(lat2);             double radLng2 = Rad(lng2);             double a = radLat1 - radLat2;             double b = radLng1 - radLng2;             double result = 2 * Math.Asin(Math.Sqrt(Math.Pow(Math.Sin(a / 2), 2) + Math.Cos(radLat1) * Math.Cos(radLat2) * Math.Pow(Math.Sin(b / 2), 2))) * EARTH_RADIUS;             return result;         }          /// <summary>         /// 经纬度转化成弧度         /// </summary>         /// <param name="d"></param>         /// <returns></returns>         private static double Rad(double d)         {             return (double)d * Math.PI / 180d;         }           const double pi = 3.14159265358979324;          //           // Krasovsky 1940           //           // a = 6378245.0, 1/f = 298.3           // b = a * (1 - f)           // ee = (a^2 - b^2) / a^2;           const double a = 6378245.0;         const double ee = 0.00669342162296594323;          /// <summary>         /// 经纬度纠偏         /// </summary>         /// <param name="wgLat">原始纬度</param>         /// <param name="wgLon">原始经度</param>         /// <param name="mgLat">纠偏后纬度</param>         /// <param name="mgLon">就偏厚经度</param>         public static void Transform(double wgLat, double wgLon, out double mgLat, out double mgLon)         {             if (OutOfChina(wgLat, wgLon))             {                 mgLat = wgLat;                 mgLon = wgLon;                 return;             }             double dLat = TransformLat(wgLon - 105.0, wgLat - 35.0);             double dLon = TransformLon(wgLon - 105.0, wgLat - 35.0);             double radLat = wgLat / 180.0 * pi;             double magic = Math.Sin(radLat);             magic = 1 - ee * magic * magic;             double sqrtMagic = Math.Sqrt(magic);             dLat = (dLat * 180.0) / ((a * (1 - ee)) / (magic * sqrtMagic) * pi);             dLon = (dLon * 180.0) / (a / sqrtMagic * Math.Cos(radLat) * pi);             mgLat = wgLat + dLat;             mgLon = wgLon + dLon;         }          static bool OutOfChina(double lat, double lon)         {             if (lon < 72.004 || lon > 137.8347)                 return true;             if (lat < 0.8293 || lat > 55.8271)                 return true;             return false;         }          static double TransformLat(double x, double y)         {             double ret = -100.0 + 2.0 * x + 3.0 * y + 0.2 * y * y + 0.1 * x * y + 0.2 * Math.Sqrt(Math.Abs(x));             ret += (20.0 * Math.Sin(6.0 * x * pi) + 20.0 * Math.Sin(2.0 * x * pi)) * 2.0 / 3.0;             ret += (20.0 * Math.Sin(y * pi) + 40.0 * Math.Sin(y / 3.0 * pi)) * 2.0 / 3.0;             ret += (160.0 * Math.Sin(y / 12.0 * pi) + 320 * Math.Sin(y * pi / 30.0)) * 2.0 / 3.0;             return ret;         }          static double TransformLon(double x, double y)         {             double ret = 300.0 + x + 2.0 * y + 0.1 * x * x + 0.1 * x * y + 0.1 * Math.Sqrt(Math.Abs(x));             ret += (20.0 * Math.Sin(6.0 * x * pi) + 20.0 * Math.Sin(2.0 * x * pi)) * 2.0 / 3.0;             ret += (20.0 * Math.Sin(x * pi) + 40.0 * Math.Sin(x / 3.0 * pi)) * 2.0 / 3.0;             ret += (150.0 * Math.Sin(x / 12.0 * pi) + 300.0 * Math.Sin(x / 30.0 * pi)) * 2.0 / 3.0;             return ret;         }     }   下面是 javascpept   var a = 6378245.0;   var pi=3.14159265358979324; var ee = 0.00669342162296594323; var x_pi = 3.14159265358979324 * 3000.0 / 180.0;  var mgLat=0.0000; var mgLon=0.0000; var bd_lat=0.0000; var bd_lon=0.0000; var lastpoint=[0,0];  var sample_size = 0; var pointsCount = 0;   var outOfChina=function(  lat,   lon){               if (lon < 72.004 || lon > 137.8347)             return true;         if (lat < 0.8293 || lat > 55.8271)             return true;                     return false;     }   var transformLat= function( x, y){       var ret = -100.0 + 2.0 * x + 3.0 * y + 0.2 * y * y + 0.1 * x * y + 0.2 * Math.sqrt(Math.abs(x));         ret =ret+ (20.0 * Math.sin(6.0 * x * pi) + 20.0 * Math.sin(2.0 * x * pi)) * 2.0 / 3.0;         ret =ret+ (20.0 * Math.sin(y * pi) + 40.0 * Math.sin(y / 3.0 * pi)) * 2.0 / 3.0;         ret =ret+ (160.0 * Math.sin(y / 12.0 * pi) + 320 * Math.sin(y * pi / 30.0)) * 2.0 / 3.0;          return ret ;   }  var transformLon=function( x, y){     var ret = 300.0 + x + 2.0 * y + 0.1 * x * x + 0.1 * x * y + 0.1 * Math.sqrt(Math.abs(x));         ret += (20.0 * Math.sin(6.0 * x * pi) + 20.0 * Math.sin(2.0 * x * pi)) * 2.0 / 3.0;         ret += (20.0 * Math.sin(x * pi) + 40.0 * Math.sin(x / 3.0 * pi)) * 2.0 / 3.0;         ret += (150.0 * Math.sin(x / 12.0 * pi) + 300.0 * Math.sin(x / 30.0 * pi)) * 2.0 / 3.0;          return ret;  }    var transform2Mars=function( wgLat,  wgLon){         if (outOfChina(wgLat, wgLon))         {              mgLat  = wgLat;             mgLon = wgLon;            return ;         }                 var dLat = transformLat(wgLon - 105.0, wgLat - 35.0);         var dLon = transformLon(wgLon - 105.0, wgLat - 35.0);                var radLat = wgLat / 180.0 * pi;             var magic = Math.sin(radLat);         magic = 1 - ee * magic * magic;         var sqrtMagic = Math.sqrt(magic);         dLat = (dLat * 180.0) / ((a * (1 - ee)) / (magic * sqrtMagic) * pi);         dLon = (dLon * 180.0) / (a / sqrtMagic * Math.cos(radLat) * pi);         mgLat = wgLat + dLat;         mgLon = wgLon + dLon;     }  var  bd_encrypt=function(   gg_lat,  gg_lon)    {                var x = gg_lon, y = gg_lat;         var z = Math.sqrt(x * x + y * y) + 0.00002 * Math.sin(y * x_pi);         var theta =Math.atan2(y, x) + 0.000003 * Math.cos(x * x_pi);         bd_lon = z * Math.cos(theta) + 0.0065;         bd_lat = z * Math.sin(theta) + 0.006;     } 

在自己的项目中,将标准GPS转换为百度坐标后,再获取百度地图的POI,获得的POI位置和真实的位置基本一致,可以使用。下面还有一些网上转载的资料,比较丰富,值得一看。

  1. GCJ-02坐标系统(火星坐标)简介:http://blog.csdn.net/giswens/article/details/8775121(存档:http://mapbd.com/cms/2012/07/25/
  2. GCJ-02到真实坐标反向变换的理论基础:http://blog.csdn.net/giswens/article/details/8775213
  3. WGS84坐标与Web墨卡托坐标互转:http://blog.csdn.net/giswens/article/details/9634261
  4. 地球坐标系 (WGS-84) 到火星坐标系 (GCJ-02) 的转换算法:
  5. 火星坐标系 (GCJ-02) 与百度坐标系 (BD-09) 的转换算法:http://blog.csdn.net/coolypf/article/details/8569813(解释:国际经纬度坐标标准为WGS-84,国内必须至少使用国测局制定的GCJ-02,对地理位置进行首次加密。百度坐标在此基础上,进行了BD-09二次加密措施,更加保护了个人隐私。百度对外接口的坐标系并不是GPS采集的真实经纬度,需要通过坐标转换接口进行转换。)
  6. 一种根据纠偏数据对火星坐标进行完美拟合的方法:http://blog.sina.com.cn/s/blog_538036cf0100pxbl.html
  7. 国内各地图API坐标系统比较:http://rovertang.com/archives/547
  8. 关于百度地图坐标转换接口的研究:http://rovertang.com/archives/24699

查询过资料可得,通过程序进行 标准坐标转火星坐标(google、高德),火星坐标转百度坐标,百度坐标转火星坐标,百度坐标转标准坐标都是可行的,火星直接转标准坐标转不了。

文章来源: https://blog.csdn.net/qq_36051316/article/details/86534379
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