问题
Is this a bug?
import numpy as np
a1=np.array(['a','b'])
a2=np.array(['E','F'])
In [20]: add(a1,a2)
Out[20]: NotImplemented
I am trying to do element-wise string concatenation. I thought Add() was the way to do it in numpy but obviously it is not working as expected.
回答1:
This can be done using numpy.core.defchararray.add. Here is an example:
>>> import numpy as np
>>> a1 = np.array(['a', 'b'])
>>> a2 = np.array(['E', 'F'])
>>> np.core.defchararray.add(a1, a2)
array(['aE', 'bF'],
dtype='<U2')
There are other useful string operations available for NumPy data types.
回答2:
You can use the chararray subclass to perform array operations with strings:
a1 = np.char.array(['a', 'b'])
a2 = np.char.array(['E', 'F'])
a1 + a2
#chararray(['aE', 'bF'], dtype='|S2')
another nice example:
b = np.array([2, 4])
a1*b
#chararray(['aa', 'bbbb'], dtype='|S4')
回答3:
This can (and should) be done in pure Python, as numpy
also uses the Python string manipulation functions internally:
>>> a1 = ['a','b']
>>> a2 = ['E','F']
>>> map(''.join, zip(a1, a2))
['aE', 'bF']
回答4:
Another solution is to convert string arrays into arrays of python of objects so that str.add is called:
>>> import numpy as np
>>> a = np.array(['a', 'b', 'c', 'd'], dtype=np.object)
>>> print a+a
array(['aa', 'bb', 'cc', 'dd'], dtype=object)
This is not that slow (less than twice as slow as adding integer arrays).
回答5:
One more basic, elegant and fast solution:
In [11]: np.array([x1 + x2 for x1,x2 in zip(a1,a2)])
Out[11]: array(['aE', 'bF'], dtype='<U2')
It is very fast for smaller arrays.
In [12]: %timeit np.array([x1 + x2 for x1,x2 in zip(a1,a2)])
3.67 µs ± 136 ns per loop (mean ± std. dev. of 7 runs, 100000 loops each)
In [13]: %timeit np.core.defchararray.add(a1, a2)
6.27 µs ± 28.3 ns per loop (mean ± std. dev. of 7 runs, 100000 loops each)
In [14]: %timeit np.char.array(a1) + np.char.array(a2)
22.1 µs ± 319 ns per loop (mean ± std. dev. of 7 runs, 10000 loops each)
For larger arrays, time difference is not much.
In [15]: b1 = np.full(10000,'a')
In [16]: b2 = np.full(10000,'b')
In [189]: %timeit np.array([x1 + x2 for x1,x2 in zip(b1,b2)])
6.74 ms ± 66.9 µs per loop (mean ± std. dev. of 7 runs, 100 loops each)
In [188]: %timeit np.core.defchararray.add(b1, b2)
7.03 ms ± 419 µs per loop (mean ± std. dev. of 7 runs, 100 loops each)
In [187]: %timeit np.char.array(b1) + np.char.array(b2)
6.97 ms ± 284 µs per loop (mean ± std. dev. of 7 runs, 100 loops each)
来源:https://stackoverflow.com/questions/9958506/element-wise-string-concatenation-in-numpy