Vim Regex Capture Groups [bau -> byau : ceu -> cyeu]

Question

I have a list of words:

bau
ceu
diu
fou
gau

I want to turn that list into:

byau
cyeu
dyiu
fyou
gyau

I unsuccessfully tried the command:

:%s/(\w)(\w\w)/\1y\2/g

Given that this doesn't work, what do I have to change to make the regex capture groups work in Vim?

Answer 1

One way to fix this is by ensuring the pattern is enclosed by escaped parentheses:

:%s/\(\w\)\(\w\w\)/\1y\2/g

Slightly shorter (and more magic-al) is to use \v, meaning that in the pattern after it all ASCII characters except '0'-'9', 'a'-'z', 'A'-'Z' and '_' have a special meaning:

:%s/\v(\w)(\w\w)/\1y\2/g

See:

• :help \(
• :help \v

Answer 2

If you don't want to escape the capturing groups with backslashes (this is what you've missed), prepend \v to turn Vim's regular expression engine into very magic mode:

:%s/\v(\w)(\w\w)/\1y\2/g

Answer 3

You can also use this pattern which is shorter:

:%s/^./&y

• %s applies the pattern to the whole file.
• ^. matches the first character of the line.
• &y adds the y after the pattern.

Answer 4

You also have to escape the Grouping paranthesis:

:%s/\(\w\)\(\w\w\)/\1y\2/g

That does the trick.