Is there a command similar to iwevent to monitor eth0 state?

问题

I want to setup my computer to run certain commands when I join or leave certain networks (ie: Start up Synergy when at work; Start up ssh when on the lan at home so I can sync, etc...).

I found iwevent which outputs events to the wireless interface that I can watch. However I can't find an equivalent to watch when eth0 is connected or disconnected. I tried ip monitor but there's so much data outputted I can't make use of it sanely.

Is there any command I can use to monitor state changes to eth0? An API available to Python works too.

回答1:

Also take a look at files under /sys/class/net/

for eth0 subdirectory /sys/class/net/eth0/ files:

carrier, dormant, operstate

change depending on link conditions:

if up + cable: carrier=1, dormant=0, operstate=up

if up + NO cable: carrier=0, dormant=0, operstate=down

if down + cable: cat carrier=Invalid argument, cat dormant=Invalid argument, operstate=down

回答2:

I managed to solve the issue myself.

ip monitor link | grep --line-buffered '\(eth0\|wlan0\).\+state \+\(DOWN\|UP\)' - | awk '{print $2$9}'

That command prints out link state changes to interfaces, greps out the lines specific to eth0 or wlan0 which are about state and are DOWN or UP (wlan0 also outputs DORMANT states which I don't need) and then uses awk so that it only outputs the info on interface and state.

The command prints out lines like "eth0:DOWN" and "wlan0:UP".

I can just pipe that into a shell script, perhaps use sed to replace the : with a space and split up the info.

回答3:

Use netstat -i -c which will run continuosly every second....

tommieb@darkstar:~$ netstat -i
Kernel Interface table
Iface   MTU Met   RX-OK RX-ERR RX-DRP RX-OVR    TX-OK TX-ERR TX-DRP TX-OVR Flg
eth1       1500 0     22259      0      0 0         13558      0      0      0 BMRU
lo        16436 0         0      0      0 0             0      0      0      0 LRU
tommieb@darkstar:~$

Then it's a matter of grepping out for the columns under 'RX-OK' (recieve ok) and 'TX-OK' (transmit ok)...

回答4:

#!/bin/bash
interface="eth0"
val=0
sec=10 #seconds to sleep
while true
do
  val=$(netstat -I="$interface" | awk 'END{print $8}')
  if [ "$val" != "$p" ];then
     echo "Interface: $interface ok"
  else
     echo "Interface: $interface no activity for $sec seconds"
  fi
  sleep $sec
  p=$val    
done

回答5:

On Debian and Ubuntu at least, activating a network interface runs the scripts in /etc/network/if-up.d/ (and there is a symmetric if-down.d directory for deactivation). So you could add your own script there. The scripts get information through several environment variables, this is documented in the interfaces man page.

There is a page in the Ubuntu wiki on the topic.

With a default Ubuntu configuration and a reasonably modern network card, the interface is automatically activated when a cable is plugged it. The commands to (de)activate the interface manually are ifup eth0 and ifdown eth0; or you can use Network Manager if you prefer.

For ppp connections (e.g., dial-up and DSL with some providers), the scripts under /etc/ppp/ip-up.d are run instead. They are documented in the pppd man page.

来源：https://stackoverflow.com/questions/2394804/is-there-a-command-similar-to-iwevent-to-monitor-eth0-state

标签

shell

network-programming