基于docker的mysql8的主从复制

可紊 提交于 2020-05-08 04:59:09

基于docker的mysql8的主从复制

创建mysql的docker镜像

  • 构建docker镜像,其中数据卷配置内容在下面,结构目录如下

    mysql

    version: '3.7'
    services: 
        db:
          # images 8.x
          image: mysql
          restart: always
          environment: 
            MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD: 456123
          command: 
            --default-authentication-plugin=mysql_native_password
            --character-set-server=utf8mb4
            --collation-server=utf8mb4_general_ci
            --explicit_defaults_for_timestamp=true
            --lower_case_table_names=1
          ports: 
            - 3309:3306
          volumes: 
            - ./data:/var/lib/mysql
            - ./my.cnf:/etc/my.cnf
    
    

配置mysql的主库

  • 更新配置文件

    # Copyright (c) 2017, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
    #
    # This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
    # it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
    # the Free Software Foundation; version 2 of the License.
    #
    # This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
    # but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
    # MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
    # GNU General Public License for more details.
    #
    # You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
    # along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software
    # Foundation, Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA  02110-1301 USA
    
    #
    # The MySQL  Server configuration file.
    #
    # For explanations see
    # http://dev.mysql.com/doc/mysql/en/server-system-variables.html
    
    [mysqld]
    
    pid-file        = /var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid
    socket          = /var/run/mysqld/mysqld.sock
    datadir         = /var/lib/mysql
    secure-file-priv= NULL
    # Disabling symbolic-links is recommended to prevent assorted security risks
    symbolic-links=0
    
    # Custom config should go here
    # [必须]启用二进制日志
    log-bin=mysql-bin 
    # [必须]服务器唯一ID,默认是1  1~255
    server-id=1 
    sql_mode=STRICT_TRANS_TABLES,NO_ENGINE_SUBSTITUTION
    
    
  • 配置操作

    1. 启动mysql

      docker-compose up -d 
      
    2. 更新配置

      • 查看容器

        docker ps
        
        

        docker ps

        • 进入mysql交互

           docker exec -it 518a92715f6f /bin/bash
          
          
        • 登录mysql

           mysql -u root -p
          
          

        • 配置

          #在主库上创建同步用户并授权
          CREATE USER 'replicate'@'112.74.41.236' IDENTIFIED BY '123456';
          GRANT REPLICATION SLAVE ON *.* TO 'replicate'@'112.74.41.236';
          FLUSH PRIVILEGES;
          #最后增加远程访问用户 并赋予所有权限,远程访问测试用
          CREATE USER antsdouble IDENTIFIED BY '123456';
          GRANT ALL ON *.* TO 'antsdouble'@'%';
          #用navicate12及以上可以不用修复修复远程登录报报 caching_sha2_password异常
          # mysql8 用新的驱动  driver-class-name: com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver
          ALTER USER 'antsdouble'@'%' IDENTIFIED BY '123456' PASSWORD EXPIRE NEVER;
          ALTER USER 'antsdouble'@'%' IDENTIFIED WITH mysql_native_password BY '123456';
          FLUSH PRIVILEGES;
          #查询master的状态,此处File,Position数据在配置从库时用到
          show master status;
          

  • 相关说明

    1. server-id是唯一的,主从不能相同,server-id为1表示mysq数据库为主数据库,server-id为2表示mysql的数据库为从数据库

    2. 为何必须挂载到/etc/my.cnf 文件上,而不是/etc/mysql/my.cnf 文件上?因为mysql默认配置文件位置在/etc/mysql/my.cnf,挂在方式无法改变容器中文件内容,my.conf内容不会改变,my.cnf中没有我们自定义的配置内容,启动mysql容器会报错

      lower_case_table_names:忽略表名、列名等数据结构的大小写(注意:不是每行记录内容的大小写!)。
      
      
      log-bin:开启二进制记录。这是为了主从复制而做的设置。本文使用RBR(Row-Based Replication)模式。
      
      slow_query_log=1:开启慢查询日志。如果某一条SQL执行的时间超过long_query_time设置的秒数,那么就记录下来。记录文件路径可以使用show variables;命令,在变量名是slow_query_log_file下查找到具体的日志文件路径。
      
      long_query_time=1:单位是秒。指如果某一条SQL语句执行时间超过1秒,就记录下来。必须开启慢查询日志了以后,此变量才能使用。
      
      log_error:开启错误日志。show variables like 'log_error'; 就可以查询到日志文件的路径。mysql的docker官方镜像如果设置别的取值会导致容器无法正常启动。
      

配置mysql的从库

  • 更新配置文件

    # Copyright (c) 2017, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
    #
    # This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
    # it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
    # the Free Software Foundation; version 2 of the License.
    #
    # This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
    # but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
    # MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
    # GNU General Public License for more details.
    #
    # You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
    # along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software
    # Foundation, Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA  02110-1301 USA
    
    #
    # The MySQL  Server configuration file.
    #
    # For explanations see
    # http://dev.mysql.com/doc/mysql/en/server-system-variables.html
    
    [mysqld]
    
    pid-file        = /var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid
    socket          = /var/run/mysqld/mysqld.sock
    datadir         = /var/lib/mysql
    secure-file-priv= NULL
    # Disabling symbolic-links is recommended to prevent assorted security risks
    symbolic-links=0
    
    # Custom config should go here
    # [必须]启用二进制日志
    log-bin=mysql-bin 
    # [必须]服务器唯一ID,默认是1
    server-id=1 
    sql_mode=STRICT_TRANS_TABLES,NO_ENGINE_SUBSTITUTION
    
  • 配置操作

    1. 进入交互模式,方法同主库

    2. 配置从库

      change master to master_host='112.74.41.236',master_port=3309,master_user='replicate',master_password='123456',master_log_file='binlog.000006',master_log_pos=3862;
      
      • 说明

        master_port:Master的端口号,指的是容器的端口号
        
        master_user:用于数据同步的用户
        
        master_password:用于同步的用户的密码
        
        master_log_file:指定 Slave 从哪个日志文件开始复制数据,即上文中提到的 File 字段的值
        
        master_log_pos:从哪个 Position 开始读,即上文中提到的 Position 字段的值
        
        master_connect_retry:如果连接失败,重试的时间间隔,单位是秒,默认是60秒
        
    3. 查看

      show slave status\G
      # 查询slave的状态,Slave_IO_Running及Slave_SQL_Running进程必须正常运行,即YES状态,否则都是错误的状态 错误可以在2标记处查看到原因,也可以通过
      show slave status;
      

测试功能

  • 主库添加一条数
  • 在从库查看

常见问题

  • 可能产生的原因

    网络不通
    
    检查ip,端口
    
    密码不对
    
    检查是否创建用于同步的用户和用户密码是否正确
    
    pos不对
    
    检查Master的 Position
    
  • Could not execute Update_rows event on table oa.bui_bill_sum; Can't find record in 'bui_bill_sum', Error_code: 1032; handler error HA_ERR_KEY_NOT_FOUND; the event's master log mysql-bin.000138, end_log_pos 160051747

    1. 解决,临时

      进入sql 执行
      STOP SLAVE; 
      SET GLOBAL sql_slave_skip_counter =1; #表示跳过一步错误,后面的数字可变 
      START SLAVE;  
      
    2. 永久

      在my.cnf中配置
      slave-skip-errors = 1032 就会跳过所有的1032的错误,多个用逗号分隔
      
  • mysql并没有从my.cnf文件中更新server_id,既然这样就只能手动修改了

set global server_id=2; #此处的数值和my.cnf里设置的一样就行
slave start;

原文出处:https://www.cnblogs.com/ants_double/p/11763415.html

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