FileSystemWatcher - is File ready to use

问题

When a file is being copied to the file watcher folder, how can I identify whether the file is completely copied and ready to use? Because I am getting multiple events during file copy. (The file is copied via another program using File.Copy.)

回答1:

When I ran into this problem, the best solution I came up with was to continually try to get an exclusive lock on the file; while the file is being written, the locking attempt will fail, essentially the method in this answer. Once the file isn't being written to any more, the lock will succeed.

Unfortunately, the only way to do that is to wrap a try/catch around opening the file, which makes me cringe - having to use try/catch is always painful. There just doesn't seem to be any way around that, though, so it's what I ended up using.

Modifying the code in that answer does the trick, so I ended up using something like this:

private void WaitForFile(FileInfo file)
{
    FileStream stream = null;
    bool FileReady = false;
    while(!FileReady)
    {
        try
        {
            using(stream = file.Open(FileMode.Open, FileAccess.ReadWrite, FileShare.None)) 
            { 
                FileReady = true; 
            }
        }
        catch (IOException)
        {
            //File isn't ready yet, so we need to keep on waiting until it is.
        }
        //We'll want to wait a bit between polls, if the file isn't ready.
        if(!FileReady) Thread.Sleep(1000);
    }
}

回答2:

I had this problem when writing a file. I got events before the file was fully written and closed.

The solution is to use a temporary filename and rename the file once finished. Then watch for the file rename event instead of file creation or change event.

回答3:

Here is a method that will retry file access up to X number of times, with a Sleep between tries. If it never gets access, the application moves on:

private static bool GetIdleFile(string path)
{
    var fileIdle = false;
    const int MaximumAttemptsAllowed = 30;
    var attemptsMade = 0;

    while (!fileIdle && attemptsMade <= MaximumAttemptsAllowed)
    {
        try
        {
            using (File.Open(path, FileMode.Open, FileAccess.ReadWrite))
            {
                fileIdle = true;
            }
        }
        catch
        {
            attemptsMade++;
            Thread.Sleep(100);
        }
    }

    return fileIdle;
}

It can be used like this:

private void WatcherOnCreated(object sender, FileSystemEventArgs e)
{
    if (GetIdleFile(e.FullPath))
    {
        // Do something like...
        foreach (var line in File.ReadAllLines(e.FullPath))
        {
            // Do more...
        }
    }
}

回答4:

Note: this problem is not solvable in generic case. Without prior knowledge about file usage you can't know if other program(s) finished operation with the file.

In your particular case you should be able to figure out what operations File.Copy consist of.

Most likely destination file is locked during whole operation. In this case you should be able to simply try to open file and handle "sharing mode violation" exception.

You can also wait for some time... - very unreliable option, but if you know size range of files you may be able to have reasonable delay to let Copy to finish.

You can also "invent" some sort of transaction system - i.e. create another file like "destination_file_name.COPYLOCK" which program that copies file would create before copying "destination_file_name" and delete afterward.

回答5:

    private Stream ReadWhenAvailable(FileInfo finfo, TimeSpan? ts = null) => Task.Run(() =>
    {
        ts = ts == null ? new TimeSpan(long.MaxValue) : ts;
        var start = DateTime.Now;
        while (DateTime.Now - start < ts)
        {
            Thread.Sleep(200);
            try
            {
                return new FileStream(finfo.FullName, FileMode.Open);
            }
            catch { }
        }
        return null;
    })
    .Result;

...of course, you can modify aspects of this to suit your needs.

来源：https://stackoverflow.com/questions/12268067/filesystemwatcher-is-file-ready-to-use

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