Why does PyMongo encode uuid.uuid1() as a BSON::Binary?

问题

I'm adding a 'GUID' key with a value of uuid.uuid1() (from python uuid module) for all my documents in Mongo. I noticed they are being stored not as strings, but as type BSON::Binary. I've done some Googling already, but I still don't understand what the purpose/advantage to this serialization is. Can someone explain? Should I be converting the uuid.uuid1() to strings before storing? How can I use a string to find() by the GUID value like db.myCol.find({ 'GUID' : aString })?

回答1:

The default serialization for a Python uuid uses a UUID binary representation in the BSON spec because this ensures consistent sorting for range queries, and also uses less storage for data/indexes.

For example, these three strings are equivalent in hex:

5d78ad35ea5f11e1a183705681b29c47
5D78AD35EA5F11E1A183705681B29C47
5d78ad35ea5f11e1A183705681B29C47

..but have different sort orders as strings:

> db.uuidsort.find().sort({_id:1})
{ "_id" : "5D78AD35EA5F11E1A183705681B29C47" }
{ "_id" : "5d78ad35ea5f11e1A183705681B29C47" }
{ "_id" : "5d78ad35ea5f11e1a183705681b29c47" }

Comparing the bson sizes:

> db.uuidtest.find()
{ "_id" : BinData(3,"XXitNepfEeGhg3BWgbKcRw==") }
{ "_id" : "5d78ad35ea5f11e1a183705681b29c47" }

> Object.bsonsize(db.uuidtest.findOne({_id: BinData(3,"XXitNepfEeGhg3BWgbKcRw==")}))
31

> Object.bsonsize(db.uuidtest.findOne({_id: "5d78ad35ea5f11e1a183705681b29c47"}))
47

If you do want to insert as strings, you can use UUID.hex to get the 32-character string equivalent:

>>> db.uuidtest.insert({'_id': uuid.hex})
'5d78ad35ea5f11e1a183705681b29c47'

If you want to find UUIDs by string from Python, you can use the uuid.UUID methods:

>>> db.uuidtest.find_one({'_id':uuid.UUID('5d78ad35ea5f11e1a183705681b29c47')})
{u'_id': UUID('5d78ad35-ea5f-11e1-a183-705681b29c47')}

If you want to find UUIDs by string from the mongo shell, there is a UUID() helper:

> db.uuidtest.find({_id:UUID('5d78ad35ea5f11e1a183705681b29c47')})
{ "_id" : BinData(3,"XXitNepfEeGhg3BWgbKcRw==") }

Note: there are a few other UUID subtypes available for interoperability with other driver versions, as described in the API docs for bson.binary.

来源：https://stackoverflow.com/questions/12030709/why-does-pymongo-encode-uuid-uuid1-as-a-bsonbinary

标签

python

mongodb

uuid

pymongo

bson