SELECT INTO with SELECT FOR UPDATE in PostgreSQL

问题

Assume I have a message relation where I save messages that was created with this command:

CREATE TABLE message 
(
     id serial primary key, 
     foo1 integer, 
     foo2 integer, 
     foo3 text
)

And we have a function that gets a message and deletes it from the relation, like this:

CREATE FUNCTION get_and_delete_message(p_foo1 integer)
RETURNS TABLE(r_id integer, r_foo1 integer, r_foo2 integer, r_foo3 text) AS $$
DECLARE
  message_id integer;
BEGIN
    SELECT id INTO message_id FROM message WHERE foo1 = p_foo1 LIMIT 1;
    RETURN QUERY SELECT * FROM message WHERE foo1 = p_foo1 LIMIT 1;
    DELETE FROM message where id = message_id;
END;
$$ LANGUAGE plpgsql;

Assuming READ_COMMITTED isolation level it could be that two concurrent transactions from two users return the same message, although obviously only ones deletes/gets it. This is not the desired behavior for my application, I want one message to be read by only one user.

Assuming REPEATABLE_READ this wouldn't happen.

But after reading about FOR UPDATE I thought perhaps it's still possible to use READ_COMMITTED level and change the get_and_delete_message function as following:

   ...
    BEGIN
        SELECT id INTO message_id FROM message WHERE foo1 = p_foo1 LIMIT 1;
        RETURN QUERY SELECT * FROM message WHERE foo1 = p_foo1 LIMIT 1 FOR UPDATE;
        DELETE FROM message where id = message_id;
    END;
    ...

From my understanding, using FOR UPDATE in the second SELECT will actually lock the returned rows until the end of the transaction, so if we have 2 concurrent transactions only one will actually return and delete the message.

Is this the case? Or should I also do SELECT id INTO message_id FROM message WHERE foo1 = p_foo1 LIMIT 1 FOR UPDATE? I couldn't find any information on combining SELECT INTO with FOR UPDATE. Any ideas on that?

回答1:

You can do that in a single statement, no need for a select:

CREATE FUNCTION get_and_delete_message(p_foo1 integer)
RETURNS TABLE(r_id integer, r_foo1 integer, r_foo2 integer, r_foo3 text) 
AS $$
  DELETE FROM message 
    where foo1 = p_foo1 
  returning *;
END;
$$ LANGUAGE sql;

This will delete the rows and then return all deleted rows as a result of the delete statement.

来源：https://stackoverflow.com/questions/26195339/select-into-with-select-for-update-in-postgresql

标签

sql

postgresql

transactions

plpgsql

isolation-level