SQL IF block code causing error even though it shouldn't execute

问题

I have a case in which I have SQL code with an IF-ELSE block. The code in the IF portion should not be reached, but I still get an error when the SQL executes. In the code I first test for the linked server, and when that fails, @reval is set to 1 and the ELSE block should execute and avoid the code in the IF block that needs to query the linked server, but I get this error:

Msg -1, Level 16, State 1, Line 0 SQL Server Network Interfaces: Error Locating Server/Instance Specified [xFFFFFFFF].

I am running the query from within SSMS 2012. Why does this error occur?

declare @clientCode VARCHAR(7)
set @clientCode = '8001299'
declare @year INT
set @year = 2013

DECLARE @retVal INT        
-- test connectivity with linked database server
BEGIN TRY
       EXEC @retVal = sys.sp_testlinkedserver N'ATLAS'  
END TRY
BEGIN CATCH
       SET @retval = SIGN(@@ERROR)
END CATCH

IF @retval = 0 -- connection attempt successful 
BEGIN

--THE FOLLOWING INSERT SQL STATEMENT CAUSES THE ERROR

        SET @contIndex = (SELECT ContIndex FROM ATLAS.Engine_sp.dbo.tblEngagement WHERE ClientCode = @clientCode)          
END
ELSE -- could not connect 
BEGIN
       -- execute code to pull from linked server 
END

回答1:

It'll still parse and bind everything before it executes it. It's failing to bind here.

You could use sp_executesql to execute that line, and it should only validate when sp_executesql is actually called.

来源：https://stackoverflow.com/questions/21323075/sql-if-block-code-causing-error-even-though-it-shouldnt-execute