Mongodb Join on _id field from String to ObjectId

问题

I have two collections

User

         {
             "_id" : ObjectId("584aac38686860d502929b8b"),
             "name" : "John"
         }

Role

 {
     "_id" : ObjectId("584aaca6686860d502929b8d"),
     "role" : "Admin",
     "userId" : "584aac38686860d502929b8b"  
 }

I want to join these collection based on the userId (in role collection) - _id ( in user collection).

I tried the below query:

db.role.aggregate(
{
   $lookup:
   {
       from: 'user',
       localField: 'userId',
       foreignField: '_id',
       as: 'output'
   }
}
);

This gives me expected results as long as i store userId as a ObjectId. When my userId is a string there are no results. Ps: I tried

foreignField: '_id'.valueOf()

and

foreignField: '_id'.toString()

. But no luck to match/join based on a ObjectId-string fields.

Any help will be appreciated.

回答1:

This is not possible as of MongoDB 3.4. This feature has already been requested, but hasn't been implemented yet. Here are the corresponding tickets:

SERVER-22781: Allow $lookup between ObjectId (_id.str) and string
SERVER-24947: Need a type conversion mechanism for booleans, ISODates, ObjectID

For now you'll have to store userId as ObjectId

EDIT

The previous tickets were fixed in MongoDB 4.0. You can now achieve this with the folowing query:

db.user.aggregate([
  {
    "$project": {
      "_id": {
        "$toString": "$_id"
      }
    }
  },
  {
    "$lookup": {
      "from": "role",
      "localField": "_id",
      "foreignField": "userId",
      "as": "role"
    }
  }
])

result:

[
  {
    "_id": "584aac38686860d502929b8b",
    "role": [
      {
        "_id": ObjectId("584aaca6686860d502929b8d"),
        "role": "Admin",
        "userId": "584aac38686860d502929b8b"
      }
    ]
  }
]

try it online: mongoplayground.net/p/JoLPVIb1OLS

回答2:

You can use $toObjectId aggregation from mongodb 4.0 which converts String id to ObjectId

db.role.aggregate([
  { "$lookup": {
    "from": "user",
    "let": { "userId": "$_id" },
    "pipeline": [
      { "$addFields": { "userId": { "$toObjectId": "$userId" }}},
      { "$match": { "$expr": { "$eq": [ "$userId", "$$userId" ] } } }
    ],
    "as": "output"
  }}
])

Or you can use $toString aggregation from mongodb 4.0 which converts ObjectId to String

db.role.aggregate([
  { "$addFields": { "userId": { "$toString": "$_id" }}},
  { "$lookup": {
    "from": "user",
    "localField": "userId",
    "foreignField": "userId",
    "as": "output"
  }}
])

回答3:

I think the previous answer has an error on the '$toObjectId' case. The let statement applies to the db collection on which the function aggregate is called (i.e 'role') and not on the collection pointed by "from" (i.e 'user').

db.role.aggregate([
  { "$lookup": {
    "let": { "userObjId": { "$toObjectId": "$userId" } },
    "from": "user",
    "pipeline": [
      { "$match": { "$expr": { "$eq": [ "$_id", "$$userObjId" ] } } }
    ],
    "as": "userDetails"
  }}
])

db.role.aggregate([
  { "$project": { "userObjId": { "$toObjectId": "$userId" } } },
  { "$lookup": {
    "localField": "userObjId",
    "from": "user",
    "foreignField": "$_id",
    "as": "userDetails"
  }}
])

And

db.user.aggregate([
  { "$project": { "userStrId": { "$toString": "$_id" }}},
  { "$lookup": {
    "localField": "userStrId",
    "from": "role",
    "foreignField": "userId",
    "as": "roleDetails"
  }}
])

来源：https://stackoverflow.com/questions/41093647/mongodb-join-on-id-field-from-string-to-objectid

标签

mongodb

join

aggregation-framework

lookup

objectid