问题
I know this might be obvious, but in tkinter you can set an icon, but I have found it really hard to find one. I just wanted to know if you have to use the .ico
format for the file or if there is a way to use .png
or .jpeg
files.
Currently I have
window = Tkinter.Tk()
window.title("Weclome!")
window.geometry("200x300")
window.wm_iconbitmap("Icon.ico")
window.configure(background = "Black")
That is the whole setup I have and I just want to know about line 4:
window.wm_iconbitmap("Icon.ico")
Thanks for responding to my question, although i am sorry for not spending more time looking into the question rather than just asking here.
回答1:
Let's start by reading the documentation!
The documentation at effbot.org says the following regarding iconbitmap(bitmap=None)
Sets or gets the icon bitmap to use when this window is iconified. This method is ignored by some window managers (including Windows).
Note that this method can only be used to display monochrome icons. To display a color icon, put it in a
Label
widget and display it using theiconwindow
method instead.Same as
wm_iconbitmap
.
So here's the documentation about iconwindow(window=None)
:
Sets or gets the icon window to use as an icon when this window is iconified. This method is ignored by some window managers (including Windows).
Same as
wm_iconwindow
.
window
The new icon window. If omitted, the current window is returned.
According to this other documentation, which actually says the same things as the docstrings of the homonymous method for tkinter
in (at least) Python 2.7, 3.5 and 3.6:
wm_iconbitmap(self, bitmap=None, default=None)
Set bitmap for the iconified widget to
bitmap
. Return the bitmap if None is given.Under Windows, the
default
parameter can be used to set the icon for the widget and any descendents that don't have an icon set explicitly.default
can be the relative path to a.ico
file (example:root.iconbitmap(default='myicon.ico')
). See Tk documentation for more information.
So here's the original Tk documentation:
wm iconbitmap window ?bitmap?
If bitmap is specified, then it names a bitmap in the standard forms accepted by Tk (see the Tk_GetBitmap manual entry for details). This bitmap is passed to the window manager to be displayed in window's icon, and the command returns an empty string. If an empty string is specified for
bitmap
, then any current icon bitmap is canceled forwindow
. Ifbitmap
is specified then the command returns an empty string. Otherwise, it returns the name of the current icon bitmap associated withwindow
, or an empty string ifwindow
has no icon bitmap.
From my understanding of Tcl
, here window
is your toplevel window (either an instance of Tk
or Toplevel
).
On the Windows operating system, an additional flag is supported:
wm iconbitmap window ?-default? ?image?
If the
-default
flag is given, the icon is applied to all toplevel windows (existing and future) to which no other specific icon has yet been applied.In addition to bitmap image types, a full path specification to any file which contains a valid Windows icon is also accepted (usually
.ico
or.icr
files), or any file for which the shell has assigned an icon.Tcl will first test if the file contains an icon, then if it has an assigned icon, and finally, if that fails, test for a bitmap.
Not very concrete and thus helpful answer so far.
My conclusion
The iconbitmap
function (or method, depending on the programming language) should be used to set a bitmap image to the window when the window is iconified.
On Windows you're allowed to set a full path specification to any file which contains a valid Windows icon is also accepted (usually .ico
or .icr
files), or any file for which the shell has assigned an icon.
So which images are bitmaps?
xbm and xpm (for X Window System)
According to the Wikipedia article to which I linked "bitmap" to above:
The X Window System uses a similar
xbm
format for black-and-white images, andxpm
for color images. ...BMP file format
Netpbm format
.wbmp
ILBM
...
So most of the bitmap file formats are not cross-platform! In other words, if someone tells you to use a xbm
image for the icon, it may not work on your platform because xbm
are bitmaps for X Window System.
Note: even after this answer you may still have problems!
Other possible useful articles
- Set window icon
- tkinter TclError: error reading bitmap file
回答2:
I was struggling a lot to find an answer too but finally I peeked into the source code of idle3.6 where I found the following piece of code:
# set application icon
icondir = os.path.join(os.path.dirname(__file__), 'Icons')
if system() == 'Windows':
iconfile = os.path.join(icondir, 'idle.ico')
root.wm_iconbitmap(default=iconfile)
else:
ext = '.png' if TkVersion >= 8.6 else '.gif'
iconfiles = [os.path.join(icondir, 'idle_%d%s' % (size, ext))
for size in (16, 32, 48)]
icons = [PhotoImage(master=root, file=iconfile)
for iconfile in iconfiles]
root.wm_iconphoto(True, *icons)
I searched through all files in the idlelib folder for .ico and .png using the rummage software.
So finally I managed to get the window icon working (on GNU-linux with TkVersion>=8.6) with the following two lines:
icon = PhotoImage(master=root, file='icon.png')
root.wm_iconphoto(True, icon)
where I put the icon directly in my application folder.
From the idle code it seems to me that on Windows still only .ico files are supported.
来源:https://stackoverflow.com/questions/42705547/which-file-formats-can-i-use-for-tkinter-icons