问题
When trying to expose aligned class like this:
class __declspec(align(16)) foo
{
public:
void foo_method() {}
};
BOOST_PYTHON_MODULE(foo_module)
{
class_<foo>("foo")
.def("foo_method", &foo::foo_method);
}
You end up with error (msvs 2010):
error C2719: 'unnamed-parameter': formal parameter with __declspec(align('16')) won't be aligned,
see reference to class template instantiation 'boost::python::converter::as_to_python_function<T,ToPython>' being compiled
The solution I found so far, is to use smart pointer to store object:
BOOST_PYTHON_MODULE(foo_module)
{
class_<foo, boost::shared_ptr<foo>, boost::noncopyable>("foo")
.def("foo_method", &foo::foo_method);
}
Isn't there a better solution? This is quite annoying, because you should wrap all your functions returning objects by value to return smart pointers instead, and performance also degrades.
回答1:
I had the same problem and wanted a solution that doesn't involve shared_ptr. It involves specializing some boost::python classes to make sure we get a storage area big enough to be able to align our object within it.
I have written a somewhat long blog post explaining how I arrived at this solution here. Below is the solution I found. I feel it is quite a hack, so maybe it will break other things. But so far it seems to work and I haven't found anything better.
I was trying to expose an Eigen::Quaternionf (which requires 16 bytes alignment) :
bp::class_<Quaternionf>("Quaternion", bp::init<float, float, float, float>())
.def(bp::init<Matrix3f>())
.add_property("w", get_prop_const(&Quaternionf::w))
.add_property("x", get_prop_const(&Quaternionf::x))
.add_property("y", get_prop_const(&Quaternionf::y))
.add_property("z", get_prop_const(&Quaternionf::z))
.def("matrix", &Quaternionf::matrix)
.def("rotvec", &quaternion_to_rotvec);
The solution involves specializing 3 classes :
boost::python::objects::instance to request 16 bytes more than what our type requires to ensure we can align
...
union
{
align_t align;
char bytes[sizeof(Data) + 16];
} storage;
...
boost::python::objects::make_instance_impl to correctly set the Py_SIZE of our instance
...
Holder* holder = Derived::construct(
&instance->storage, (PyObject*)instance, x);
holder->install(raw_result);
// Note the position of the internally-stored Holder,
// for the sake of destruction
// Since the holder not necessarily allocated at the start of
// storage (to respect alignment), we have to add the holder
// offset relative to storage
size_t holder_offset = reinterpret_cast<size_t>(holder)
- reinterpret_cast<size_t>(&instance->storage)
+ offsetof(instance_t, storage);
Py_SIZE(instance) = holder_offset;
...
boost::python::objects::make_instance so that the construct method will align the holder in the storage
...
static inline QuaternionfHolder* construct(void* storage, PyObject* instance, reference_wrapper<Quaternionf const> x)
{
// From the specialized make_instance_impl above, we are guaranteed to
// be able to align our storage
void* aligned_storage = reinterpret_cast<void*>(
(reinterpret_cast<size_t>(storage) & ~(size_t(15))) + 16);
QuaternionfHolder* new_holder = new (aligned_storage)
QuaternionfHolder(instance, x);
return new_holder;
}
...
The full code is below :
typedef bp::objects::value_holder<Eigen::Quaternionf> QuaternionfHolder;
namespace boost { namespace python { namespace objects {
using namespace Eigen;
//template <class Data = char>
template<>
struct instance<QuaternionfHolder>
{
typedef QuaternionfHolder Data;
PyObject_VAR_HEAD
PyObject* dict;
PyObject* weakrefs;
instance_holder* objects;
typedef typename type_with_alignment<
::boost::alignment_of<Data>::value
>::type align_t;
union
{
align_t align;
char bytes[sizeof(Data) + 16];
} storage;
};
// Adapted from boost/python/object/make_instance.hpp
//template <class T, class Holder, class Derived>
template<class Derived>
struct make_instance_impl<Quaternionf, QuaternionfHolder, Derived>
{
typedef Quaternionf T;
typedef QuaternionfHolder Holder;
typedef objects::instance<Holder> instance_t;
template <class Arg>
static inline PyObject* execute(Arg& x)
{
BOOST_MPL_ASSERT((mpl::or_<is_class<T>, is_union<T> >));
PyTypeObject* type = Derived::get_class_object(x);
if (type == 0)
return python::detail::none();
PyObject* raw_result = type->tp_alloc(
type, objects::additional_instance_size<Holder>::value);
if (raw_result != 0)
{
python::detail::decref_guard protect(raw_result);
instance_t* instance = (instance_t*)raw_result;
// construct the new C++ object and install the pointer
// in the Python object.
//Derived::construct(&instance->storage, (PyObject*)instance, x)->install(raw_result);
Holder* holder = Derived::construct(
&instance->storage, (PyObject*)instance, x);
holder->install(raw_result);
// Note the position of the internally-stored Holder,
// for the sake of destruction
// Since the holder not necessarily allocated at the start of
// storage (to respect alignment), we have to add the holder
// offset relative to storage
size_t holder_offset = reinterpret_cast<size_t>(holder)
- reinterpret_cast<size_t>(&instance->storage)
+ offsetof(instance_t, storage);
Py_SIZE(instance) = holder_offset;
// Release ownership of the python object
protect.cancel();
}
return raw_result;
}
};
//template <class T, class Holder>
template<>
struct make_instance<Quaternionf, QuaternionfHolder>
: make_instance_impl<Quaternionf, QuaternionfHolder, make_instance<Quaternionf,QuaternionfHolder> >
{
template <class U>
static inline PyTypeObject* get_class_object(U&)
{
return converter::registered<Quaternionf>::converters.get_class_object();
}
static inline QuaternionfHolder* construct(void* storage, PyObject* instance, reference_wrapper<Quaternionf const> x)
{
LOG(INFO) << "Into make_instance";
LOG(INFO) << "storage : " << storage;
LOG(INFO) << "&x : " << x.get_pointer();
LOG(INFO) << "&x alignment (0 = aligned): " << (reinterpret_cast<size_t>(x.get_pointer()) & 0xf);
// From the specialized make_instance_impl above, we are guaranteed to
// be able to align our storage
void* aligned_storage = reinterpret_cast<void*>(
(reinterpret_cast<size_t>(storage) & ~(size_t(15))) + 16);
QuaternionfHolder* new_holder = new (aligned_storage) QuaternionfHolder(instance, x);
LOG(INFO) << "&new_holder : " << new_holder;
return new_holder;
//return new (storage) QuaternionfHolder(instance, x);
}
};
}}} // namespace boost::python::objects
来源：https://stackoverflow.com/questions/13177573/how-to-expose-aligned-class-with-boost-python