run cp command to make a copy of a file or change a file name in Python

问题

In python 2.7.2, i need to make a copy of a file in Linux.

newfile = "namePart1" + dictionary[key] + "namePart2"

os.system("cp cfn5e10_1.lp newfile")

But, the newfile cannot be replaced by its correct string.

the posts in the forum cannot help.

Any help is really appreciated.

回答1:

Use shutil.copyfile to copy a file instead of os.sytem, it doesn't need to create a new process and it will automatically handle filenames with unusual characters in them, e.g. spaces -- os.system just passes the command to the shell, and the shell might break up filenames that have spaces in them, among other possible issues.

For example:

newfile = "namePart1" + dictionary[key] + "namePart2"
shutil.copyfile("cfn5e10_1.lp", newfile)

回答2:

This will not replace newfile with your variable.

os.system("cp cfn5e10_1.lp newfile")

You need to concatenate the variable to the end of the string like so:

os.system("cp cfn5e10_1.lp " + newfile)

回答3:

If you want to call cp from Python, use the subprocess module:

subprocess.call(["cp", "cfn5e10_1.lp", "newfile"])

But it's better to use a function from the shutil module instead.

来源：https://stackoverflow.com/questions/11584502/run-cp-command-to-make-a-copy-of-a-file-or-change-a-file-name-in-python