apt-mirror搭建ubuntu软件源

一、准备环境

1. 系统：ubuntu 16.04.6(LTS) 64位

2. 镜像软件：apt-mirror 0.5.1-1ubuntu1

3. HTTP协议发布软件：nginx 1.10.3-0ubuntu0.16.04.4

二、安装软件

# 查看apt-mirror版本 macrored@ubuntu:~$ apt policy apt-mirror  apt-mirror:   Installed: 0.5.1-1ubuntu1   Candidate: 0.5.1-1ubuntu1  # 安装apt-mirror macrored@ubuntu:~$ sudo apt-get install apt-mirror  # 查看nginx版本 macrored@ubuntu:~$ apt policy nginx nginx:   Installed: 1.10.3-0ubuntu0.16.04.4   Candidate: 1.10.3-0ubuntu0.16.04.4  # 安装nginx macrored@ubuntu:~$ sudo apt-get install nginx

三、配置apt-mirror

打开配置文件：

sudo vim /etc/apt/mirror.list

根据注释修改相应内容，一般只需要修改base_path和更改、添加软件源。以下配置文件我只添加了Ubuntu 16.04和MongoDB的软件源，你可以根据你的需要添加Ubuntu其他版本软件源。配置文件可参考如下：

############# config ################## # set base_path    /home/mirror-data/apt-mirror # # set mirror_path  $base_path/mirror # set skel_path    $base_path/skel # set var_path     $base_path/var # set cleanscript $var_path/clean.sh # set defaultarch  <running host architecture> # set postmirror_script $var_path/postmirror.sh # set run_postmirror 0 set nthreads     20 set _tilde 0 # ############# end config ##############  # 等会将会从这些网站上获取离线包，如果系统是64位，默认只下载离线的64位离线包；如果想更改,可以用deb-amd64和deb-i386 deb http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ xenial main restricted universe multiverse deb http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ xenial-security main restricted universe multiverse deb http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ xenial-updates main restricted universe multiverse deb http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ xenial-proposed main restricted universe multiverse deb http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ xenial-backports main restricted universe multiverse  # deb-src http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu xenial main restricted universe multiverse # deb-src http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu xenial-security main restricted universe multiverse # deb-src http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu xenial-updates main restricted universe multiverse # deb-src http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu xenial-proposed main restricted universe multiverse # deb-src http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu xenial-backports main restricted universe multiverse  clean http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu  deb http://downloads-distro.mongodb.org/repo/ubuntu-upstart dist 10gen  clean http://localhost/downloads-distro.mongodb.org

保存退出后，接下来就可以开始下载离线镜像包了（第一次会比较久，大约需要150GB左右），直接运行命令：

sudo apt-mirror

如果CPU资源和网络资源都没有被占用的话，那就尝试将http://archive.ubuntu.com换国内的镜像源。

此外，还可以设置定时更新镜像源，我们需要配置apt-mirror每天定时同步，其实就是配置cron。这里apt-mirror提供了cron模板文件，在/etc/cron.d/apt-mirror 中，取消最后一行的#注释即可生效：

0 4 * * * apt-mirror /usr/bin/apt-mirror > /var/spool/apt-mirror/var/cron.log

以上设置每日4点同步一次。

四、配置HTTP访问

通过以上配置，已经可以在/home/mirror-data/apt-mirror目录下看到生成的几个数据文件。/home/mirror-data/apt-mirror下存放的就是软件镜像。但是如何向其他计算机发布这些数据呢？很明显通过HTTP服务可以做到这一点。我们通过使用Nginx将mirror目录下的内容通过HTTP协议发布。

打开配置文件：

## # You should look at the following URL's in order to grasp a solid understanding # of Nginx configuration files in order to fully unleash the power of Nginx. # http://wiki.nginx.org/Pitfalls # http://wiki.nginx.org/QuickStart # http://wiki.nginx.org/Configuration # # Generally, you will want to move this file somewhere, and start with a clean # file but keep this around for reference. Or just disable in sites-enabled. # # Please see /usr/share/doc/nginx-doc/examples/ for more detailed examples. ##  # Default server configuration # server {     listen 80 default_server;     # listen [::]:80 default_server;      # SSL configuration     #     # listen 443 ssl default_server;     # listen [::]:443 ssl default_server;     #     # Note: You should disable gzip for SSL traffic.     # See: https://bugs.debian.org/773332     #     # Read up on ssl_ciphers to ensure a secure configuration.     # See: https://bugs.debian.org/765782     #     # Self signed certs generated by the ssl-cert package     # Don't use them in a production server!     #     # include snippets/snakeoil.conf;          autoindex on;      root /home/mirror-data/apt-mirror/mirror;      # Add index.php to the list if you are using PHP     index index.html index.htm index.nginx-debian.html;      server_name 192.168.0.108;      location / {         # First attempt to serve request as file, then         # as directory, then fall back to displaying a 404.         try_files $uri $uri/ =404;     }      access_log /home/mirror-data/apt-mirror.log;      # pass the PHP scripts to FastCGI server listening on 127.0.0.1:9000     #     #location ~ \.php$ {     #    include snippets/fastcgi-php.conf;     #     #    # With php7.0-cgi alone:     #    fastcgi_pass 127.0.0.1:9000;     #    # With php7.0-fpm:     #    fastcgi_pass unix:/run/php/php7.0-fpm.sock;     #}      # deny access to .htaccess files, if Apache's document root     # concurs with nginx's one     #     #location ~ /\.ht {     #    deny all;     #} }   # Virtual Host configuration for example.com # # You can move that to a different file under sites-available/ and symlink that # to sites-enabled/ to enable it. # #server { #    listen 80; #    listen [::]:80; # #    server_name example.com; # #    root /var/www/example.com; #    index index.html; # #    location / { #        try_files $uri $uri/ =404; #    } #}

五、客户端配置

在客户端的source.list文件中配置好镜像源就可以使用了。找另外一台ubuntu 16.04 64位系统，首先备份source.list：

sudo mv /etc/apt/source.list /etc/apt/source.list.bak

新建/etc/apt/source.list，内容参考如下：

deb [arch=amd64] http://自建源IP/archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu trusty main restricted universe multiverse deb [arch=amd64] http://自建源IP/archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu trusty-security main restricted universe multiverse deb [arch=amd64] http://自建源IP/archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu trusty-updates main restricted universe multiverse deb [arch=amd64] http://自建源IP/archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu trusty-proposed main restricted universe multiverse deb [arch=amd64] http://自建源IP/archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu trusty-backports main restricted universe multiverse  # deb-src [arch=amd64] http://自建源IP/archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu trusty main restricted universe multiverse # deb-src [arch=amd64] http://自建源IP/archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu trusty-security main restricted universe multiverse # deb-src [arch=amd64] http://自建源IP/archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu trusty-updates main restricted universe multiverse # deb-src [arch=amd64] http://自建源IP/archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu trusty-proposed main restricted universe multiverse # deb-src [arch=amd64] http://自建源IP/archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu trusty-backports main restricted universe multiverse