Bash: Parse CSV with quotes, commas and newlines

问题

Say I have the following csv file:

 id,message,time
 123,"Sorry, This message
 has commas and newlines",2016-03-28T20:26:39
 456,"It makes the problem non-trivial",2016-03-28T20:26:41

I want to write a bash command that will return only the time column. i.e.

time
2016-03-28T20:26:39
2016-03-28T20:26:41

What is the most straight forward way to do this? You can assume the availability of standard unix utils such as awk, gawk, cut, grep, etc.

Note the presence of "" which escape , and newline characters which make trivial attempts with

cut -d , -f 3 file.csv

futile.

回答1:

As chepner said, you are encouraged to use a programming language which is able to parse csv.

Here comes an example in python:

import csv

with open('a.csv', 'rb') as csvfile:
    reader = csv.reader(csvfile, quotechar='"')
    for row in reader:
        print(row[-1]) # row[-1] gives the last column

回答2:

As said here

gawk -v RS='"' 'NR % 2 == 0 { gsub(/\n/, "") } { printf("%s%s", $0, RT) }' file.csv \
 | awk -F, '{print $NF}'

To handle specifically those newlines that are in doubly-quoted strings and leave those alone that are outside them, using GNU awk (for RT):

gawk -v RS='"' 'NR % 2 == 0 { gsub(/\n/, "") } { printf("%s%s", $0, RT) }' file

This works by splitting the file along " characters and removing newlines in every other block.

Output

time
2016-03-28T20:26:39
2016-03-28T20:26:41

Then use awk to split the columns and display the last column

回答3:

CSV is a format which needs a proper parser (i.e. which can't be parsed with regular expressions alone). If you have Python installed, use the csv module instead of plain BASH.

If not, consider csvkit which has a lot of powerful tools to process CSV files from the command line.

回答4:

sed -e 's/,/\n/g' file.csv | egrep ^201[0-9]-

回答5:

another awk alternative using FS

$ awk -F'"' '!(NF%2){getline remainder;$0=$0 OFS remainder}
                NR>1{sub(/,/,"",$NF); print $NF}' file

2016-03-28T20:26:39
2016-03-28T20:26:41

回答6:

I ran into something similar when attempting to deal with lspci -m output, but the embedded newlines would need to be escaped first (though IFS=, should work here, since it abuses bash' quote evaluation). Here's an example

f:13.3 "System peripheral" "Intel Corporation" "Xeon E7 v4/Xeon E5 v4/Xeon E3 v4/Xeon D Memory Controller 0 - Channel Target Address Decoder" -r01 "Super Micro Computer Inc" "Device 0838"

And the only reasonable way I can find to bring that into bash is along the lines of:

# echo 'f:13.3 "System peripheral" "Intel Corporation" "Xeon E7 v4/Xeon E5 v4/Xeon E3 v4/Xeon D Memory Controller 0 - Channel Target Address Decoder" -r01 "Super Micro Computer Inc" "Device 0838"' | { eval array=($(cat)); declare -p array; }
declare -a array='([0]="f:13.3" [1]="System peripheral" [2]="Intel Corporation" [3]="Xeon E7 v4/Xeon E5 v4/Xeon E3 v4/Xeon D Memory Controller 0 - Channel Target Address Decoder" [4]="-r01" [5]="Super Micro Computer Inc" [6]="Device 0838")'
#

Not a full answer, but might help!

回答7:

awk -F, '!/This/{print $NF}' file

time
2016-03-28T20:26:39
2016-03-28T20:26:41

来源：https://stackoverflow.com/questions/36287982/bash-parse-csv-with-quotes-commas-and-newlines

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bash

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awk

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