Python: module for creating PID-based lockfile?

徘徊边缘 提交于 2019-11-28 08:10:17

If you can use GPLv2, Mercurial has a module for that:

http://bitbucket.org/mirror/mercurial/src/tip/mercurial/lock.py

Example usage:

from mercurial import error, lock

try:
    l = lock.lock("/path/to/lock", timeout=600) # wait at most 10 minutes
    # do something
except error.LockHeld:
     # couldn't take the lock
else:
    l.release()

This might be of help to you: lockfile

I believe you will find the necessary information here. The page in question refers to a package for building daemons in python: this process involves creating a PID lockfile.

i've been pretty unhappy with all of those, so i wrote this:

class Pidfile():
    def __init__(self, path, log=sys.stdout.write, warn=sys.stderr.write):
        self.pidfile = path
        self.log = log
        self.warn = warn

    def __enter__(self):
        try:
            self.pidfd = os.open(self.pidfile, os.O_CREAT|os.O_WRONLY|os.O_EXCL)
            self.log('locked pidfile %s' % self.pidfile)
        except OSError as e:
            if e.errno == errno.EEXIST:
                pid = self._check()
                if pid:
                    self.pidfd = None
                    raise ProcessRunningException('process already running in %s as pid %s' % (self.pidfile, pid));
                else:
                    os.remove(self.pidfile)
                    self.warn('removed staled lockfile %s' % (self.pidfile))
                    self.pidfd = os.open(self.pidfile, os.O_CREAT|os.O_WRONLY|os.O_EXCL)
            else:
                raise

        os.write(self.pidfd, str(os.getpid()))
        os.close(self.pidfd)
        return self

    def __exit__(self, t, e, tb):
        # return false to raise, true to pass
        if t is None:
            # normal condition, no exception
            self._remove()
            return True
        elif t is PidfileProcessRunningException:
            # do not remove the other process lockfile
            return False
        else:
            # other exception
            if self.pidfd:
                # this was our lockfile, removing
                self._remove()
            return False

    def _remove(self):
        self.log('removed pidfile %s' % self.pidfile)
        os.remove(self.pidfile)

    def _check(self):
        """check if a process is still running

the process id is expected to be in pidfile, which should exist.

if it is still running, returns the pid, if not, return False."""
        with open(self.pidfile, 'r') as f:
            try:
                pidstr = f.read()
                pid = int(pidstr)
            except ValueError:
                # not an integer
                self.log("not an integer: %s" % pidstr)
                return False
            try:
                os.kill(pid, 0)
            except OSError:
                self.log("can't deliver signal to %s" % pid)
                return False
            else:
                return pid

class ProcessRunningException(BaseException):
    pass

to be used something like this:

try:
    with Pidfile(args.pidfile):
        process(args)
except ProcessRunningException:
    print "the pid file is in use, oops."

I know this is an old thread, but I also created a simple lock which only relies on python native libraries:

import fcntl
import errno


class FileLock:
    def __init__(self, filename=None):
        self.filename = os.path.expanduser('~') + '/LOCK_FILE' if filename is None else filename
        self.lock_file = open(self.filename, 'w+')

    def unlock(self):
        fcntl.flock(self.lock_file, fcntl.LOCK_UN)

    def lock(self, maximum_wait=300):
        waited = 0
        while True:
            try:
                fcntl.flock(self.lock_file, fcntl.LOCK_EX | fcntl.LOCK_NB)
                return True
            except IOError as e:
                if e.errno != errno.EAGAIN:
                    raise e
                else:
                    time.sleep(1)
                    waited += 1
                    if waited >= maximum_wait:
                        return False

There is a recipe on ActiveState on creating lockfiles.

To generate the filename you can use os.getpid() to get the PID.

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