问题
I've recently installed Ubuntu 19.04 which has Python 3.7 by default. I need to work on multiple projects that use Python 3.6.
Is there a way to install it on Disco Dingo?
I tried which works on 16.04
milano@milano-desktop:~$ sudo add-apt-repository ppa:jonathonf/python-3.6
...
milano@milano-desktop:~$ sudo apt-get install python3.6
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree
Reading state information... Done
Note, selecting 'python3.6-2to3' for regex 'python3.6'
Note, selecting 'libpython3.6-stdlib' for regex 'python3.6'
The following packages were automatically installed and are no longer required:
fonts-liberation2 fonts-opensymbol gir1.2-geocodeglib-1.0
gir1.2-gst-plugins-base-1.0 gir1.2-gstreamer-1.0 gir1.2-gudev-1.0
gir1.2-udisks-2.0 grilo-plugins-0.3-base gstreamer1.0-gtk3 guile-2.2-libs
libboost-date-time1.67.0 libboost-filesystem1.67.0 libboost-iostreams1.67.0
libboost-locale1.67.0 libcdr-0.1-1 libclucene-contribs1v5 libclucene-core1v5
libcmis-0.5-5v5 libcolamd2 libcurl4 libdazzle-1.0-0 libe-book-0.1-1 libeot0
libepubgen-0.1-1 libetonyek-0.1-1 libevent-2.1-6 libfreerdp-client2-2
libfreerdp2-2 libgc1c2 libgee-0.8-2 libgom-1.0-0 libgpgmepp6 libgpod-common
libgpod4 liblangtag-common liblangtag1 liblirc-client0 liblua5.3-0
libmediaart-2.0-0 libminiupnpc17 libmspub-0.1-1 libodfgen-0.1-1
liborcus-0.14-0 libqqwing2v5 libraw19 librevenge-0.0-0 libsgutils2-2
libsuitesparseconfig5 libvncclient1 libwinpr2-2 libxmlsec1 libxmlsec1-nss
lp-solve media-player-info python3-mako python3-markupsafe syslinux
syslinux-common syslinux-legacy usb-creator-common
Use 'sudo apt autoremove' to remove them.
0 upgraded, 0 newly installed, 0 to remove and 0 not upgraded.
milano@milano-desktop:~$ python3.6
Command 'python3.6' not found, did you mean:
command 'python3.8' from deb python3.8-minimal (3.8.0~a3-2)
command 'python3.7' from deb python3.7-minimal (3.7.3-2)
Try: sudo apt install <deb name>
python3 + tab
milano@milano-desktop:~$ python3
python3 python3.7 python3.7m python3m
deadsnakes
milano@milano-desktop:~$ sudo add-apt-repository ppa:deadsnakes/ppa
This PPA contains more recent Python versions packaged for Ubuntu.
Disclaimer: there's no guarantee of timely updates in case of security problems or other issues. If you want to use them in a security-or-otherwise-critical environment (say, on a production server), you do so at your own risk.
Update Note
===========
Please use this repository instead of ppa:fkrull/deadsnakes.
Reporting Issues
================
Issues can be reported in the master issue tracker at:
https://github.com/deadsnakes/issues/issues
Supported Ubuntu and Python Versions
====================================
Python 3.6 - Ubuntu 14.04, Ubuntu 16.04
For Ubuntu up to 18.04, there's also packages for old Python versions from 2.3 to 3.4.
The packages may also work on other versions of Ubuntu or Debian, but that is not tested or supported.
Third-Party Python Modules
==========================
Python modules in the official Ubuntu repositories are packaged to work with the Python interpreters from the official repositories. Accordingly, they generally won't work with the Python interpreters from this PPA. As an exception, pure-Python modules for Python 3 will work, but any compiled extension modules won't.
To install 3rd-party Python modules, you should use the common Python packaging tools. For an introduction into the Python packaging ecosystem and its tools, refer to the Python Packaging User Guide:
https://packaging.python.org/installing/
Sources
=======
The package sources are available at:
https://github.com/deadsnakes/
More info: https://launchpad.net/~deadsnakes/+archive/ubuntu/ppa
Press [ENTER] to continue or Ctrl-c to cancel adding it.
Hit:1 http://cz.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu disco InRelease
Ign:2 http://ppa.launchpad.net/deadsnakes/ppa/ubuntu disco InRelease
Get:3 http://cz.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu disco-updates InRelease [88,4 kB]
Hit:4 http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu disco-security InRelease
Hit:5 http://cz.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu disco-backports InRelease
Ign:6 http://ppa.launchpad.net/jonathonf/python-3.6/ubuntu disco InRelease
Err:7 http://ppa.launchpad.net/deadsnakes/ppa/ubuntu disco Release
404 Not Found [IP: 91.189.95.83 80]
Err:8 http://ppa.launchpad.net/jonathonf/python-3.6/ubuntu disco Release
404 Not Found [IP: 91.189.95.83 80]
Reading package lists... Done
E: The repository 'http://ppa.launchpad.net/deadsnakes/ppa/ubuntu disco Release' does not have a Release file.
N: Updating from such a repository can't be done securely, and is therefore disabled by default.
N: See apt-secure(8) manpage for repository creation and user configuration details.
E: The repository 'http://ppa.launchpad.net/jonathonf/python-3.6/ubuntu disco Release' does not have a Release file.
N: Updating from such a repository can't be done securely, and is therefore disabled by default.
N: See apt-secure(8) manpage for repository creation and user configuration details.
回答1:
Yes as @furas says you can download the source of python 3.6.8 or 3.6.7 (these are direct link of .xz source files if you want in another format, visit 3.6.8 or 3.6.7)
these are some contents from the README.rst file of the source
Build Instructions
------------------
On Unix, Linux, BSD, macOS, and Cygwin::
./configure
make
make test
sudo make install
This will install Python as python3.
If you want python3.6 install as python3.6(not python3) in your system here are some other guide lines in README.rst file
For example, if you want to install Python 2.7, 3.5, and 3.6 with 3.6 being the
primary version, you would execute ``make install`` in your 3.6 build directory
and ``make altinstall`` in the others.
Thanks...
回答2:
Don't mess around in your system.
Ubuntu 19.04 as Python 3.7 as given standard so if you want to work with Python 3.6.*, you should install conda and create an environment with the specific Python version:
conda create --name py36 -c conda-forge python=3.6.* pip
For sure you could also create an other virtual environment and use pip.
Or you could go to docker.
On Linux / macOS you could use nix like
nix-env -iA nixpkgs.python37
to enter an environment that has e.g. in this case Python3.7 (for sure you can change the version)
or as a very good Python (advanced) environment you can use mach-nix (with nix) like
mach-nix env ./env -r requirements.txt
(which even supports conda [but currently in beta])
or via api like
nix-shell -p nixFlakes --run "nix run github:davhau/mach-nix#with.ipython.pandas.seaborn.bokeh.scikit-learn "
If you really want to change the version on the operating system then I would recommend to use NixOS.
回答3:
It is not necessary to compile from source, just download and install deb-packages python 3.6 with dependencies manually:
wget http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/pool/main/p/python3.6/libpython3.6-minimal_3.6.7-1~18.10_amd64.deb
dpkg -i libpython3.6-minimal_3.6.7-1~18.10_amd64.deb
wget http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/pool/main/p/python3.6/libpython3.6-stdlib_3.6.7-1~18.10_amd64.deb
dpkg -i libpython3.6-stdlib_3.6.7-1~18.10_amd64.deb
wget http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/pool/main/p/python3.6/python3.6-minimal_3.6.7-1~18.10_amd64.deb
dpkg -i python3.6-minimal_3.6.7-1~18.10_amd64.deb
wget http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/pool/main/p/python3.6/python3.6_3.6.7-1~18.10_amd64.deb
dpkg -i python3.6_3.6.7-1~18.10_amd64.deb
This is enough to run python 3.6. However, some modules may not work, such as pycurl, in result I have not found a solution. ModuleNotFoundError occurs while trying to import, ImportError error occurs when trying to install pycurl: cannot import name 'sysconfig' because the python3-distutils package is installed from version 3.7 and is incompatible. Manual installation from 3.6 breaks the dependencies of version 3.7 and in any case apt will try to fix it.
来源：https://stackoverflow.com/questions/55773634/how-to-install-python-3-6-on-ubuntu-19-04