问题
I installed the packages tidycensus and mapview in RStudio but I get the following error when I try load either one:
library(tidycensus)
Error: package or namespace load failed for ‘tidycensus’ in dyn.load(file, DLLpath = DLLpath, ...): unable to load shared object '/Library/Frameworks/R.framework/Versions/4.0/Resources/library/sf/libs/sf.so': dlopen(/Library/Frameworks/R.framework/Versions/4.0/Resources/library/sf/libs/sf.so, 6): Library not loaded: /usr/lib/libpq.5.dylib Referenced from: /Library/Frameworks/R.framework/Versions/4.0/Resources/library/sf/libs/sf.so Reason: image not found
library(mapview)
Error: package or namespace load failed for ‘mapview’ in dyn.load(file, DLLpath = DLLpath, ...): unable to load shared object '/Library/Frameworks/R.framework/Versions/4.0/Resources/library/sf/libs/sf.so': dlopen(/Library/Frameworks/R.framework/Versions/4.0/Resources/library/sf/libs/sf.so, 6): Library not loaded: /usr/lib/libpq.5.dylib Referenced from: /Library/Frameworks/R.framework/Versions/4.0/Resources/library/sf/libs/sf.so Reason: image not found
I've tried this solution but it is not solving my problem.
回答1:
This issue indeed happened to me today when upgraded to Big Sur. After researching, finally I found a solution here:
copy libpq.5.dylib to /usr/lib/libpq.5.dylib
Looks like macOS is keeping libraries on /usr/lib closed. Basically is needed to point back /usr/lib/libpq.5.dylib against another libpq, like the one you get by installing it with Homebrew.
This is what worked for me, first uninstall sf and rgdal packages in R and use HomeBrew to install libpq if needed:
$ brew install libpq
Check if library is pointing itself:
$ otool -l /usr/local/Cellar/libpq/13.0/lib/libpq.5.dylib | fgrep -A2 LC_ID_DYLIB
If not, point it against itself:
$ sudo install_name_tool -id /usr/local/Cellar/libpq/13.0/lib/libpq.5.dylib /usr/local/Cellar/libpq/13.0/lib/libpq.5.dylib
And link the new path of libpq to each R package binary that references to it:
$ sudo install_name_tool -change /usr/lib/libpq.5.dylib [new_path] [path_to_binary]
In this case, for sf and rgdal:
$ sudo install_name_tool -change /usr/lib/libpq.5.dylib /usr/local/Cellar/libpq/13.1/lib/libpq.5.dylib /Library/Frameworks/R.framework/Versions/4.0/Resources/library/sf/libs/sf.so
$ sudo install_name_tool -change /usr/lib/libpq.5.dylib /usr/local/Cellar/libpq/13.1/lib/libpq.5.dylib /Library/Frameworks/R.framework/Versions/4.0/Resources/library/rgdal/libs/rgdal.so
来源：https://stackoverflow.com/questions/64255793/unable-to-load-tidycensus-and-map-view-packages-on-macbook