Wrong length of a character array component after allocation

问题

I would like to create a derived type containing allocatable character array components. However, when I try to allocate memory in subroutines, nothing happens. It may be more clear with the code example below:

program test

  type t1
     character(len=:), allocatable :: c(:)
  end type t1

  type(t1) :: t

  call test_string1()
  call test_string2(t)

contains

  subroutine test_string1()
    character(len=:), allocatable :: c(:)

    allocate( character(10) :: c(1) )
    write(*, *) 'Size in string1: ', len(c)
  end subroutine test_string1


  subroutine test_string2(this)
    class(t1) :: this

    allocate( character(10) :: this%c(1) )
    write(*, *) 'Size in string2: ', len(this%c)
  end subroutine test_string2


end program test

I expect that the output of such a code would be:

 Size in string1:           10
 Size in string2:           10

However, what I actually get is the following:

 Size in string1:           10
 Size in string2:            0

Therefore, the second subroutine allocates nothing for the t1%c... What am I doing wrong here ? I have compiled the code with:

gfortran -c test.f08
gfortran -o test test.o

and the version of gfortran is the following:

$ gfortran -v
...
gcc version 7.4.0 (Ubuntu 7.4.0-1ubuntu1~18.04.1)

回答1:

This is a bug (or lack of support) in the version of the compiler you are using. In gfortran versions 7 and 8 I see the same problem, but as noted, gfortran 9 gives the expected answer. "Use a different compiler/version" is an answer to your question.

What is sometimes helpful in cases like this is the additional question: "what can I do to work around this bug without changing compiler?"

The example of the question is fairly simple leading to not many options. Intrinsic assignment of a constructed array, or sourced allocation don't help.

Is there something interesting that does? Why, yes! Parameterized derived types.

It appears that gfortran 8 experiences the problem of the question but does support derived type parameterization (gfortran 7 doesn't support this Fortran 2003 feature). This could be a good work around, or even a good alternative approach to the real problem:

program test

  type t1(length, size)
     integer, len :: length, size
     character(len=length) :: c(size)
  end type t1

  class(t1(:,:)), allocatable :: t

  call test_string1()
  call test_string2(t)

contains

  subroutine test_string1()
    character(len=:), allocatable :: c(:)

    allocate( character(10) :: c(1) )
    write(*, *) 'Size in string1: ', len(c)
  end subroutine test_string1


  subroutine test_string2(this)
    class(t1(:,:)), allocatable :: this

    allocate( t1(10,1) :: this )
    write(*, *) 'Size in string2: ', len(this%c)
  end subroutine test_string2


end program test

来源：https://stackoverflow.com/questions/60166578/wrong-length-of-a-character-array-component-after-allocation

标签

fortran

character