Python: os.listdir alternative/certain extensions

问题

Is it possible to see files with certain extensions with the os.listdir command? I want it to work so it may show only files or folders with .f at the end. I checked the documentation, and found nothing, so don't ask.

回答1:

glob is good at this:

import glob
for f in glob.glob("*.f"):
    print(f)

回答2:

Don't ask what?

[s for s in os.listdir() if s.endswith('.f')]

If you want to check a list of extensions, you could make the obvious generalization,

[s for s in os.listdir() if s.endswith('.f') or s.endswith('.c') or s.endswith('.z')]

or this other way is a little shorter to write:

[s for s in os.listdir() if s.rpartition('.')[2] in ('f','c','z')]

回答3:

There is another possibility not mentioned so far:

import fnmatch
import os

for file in os.listdir('.'):
    if fnmatch.fnmatch(file, '*.f'):
        print file

Actually this is how the glob module is implemented, so in this case glob is simpler and better, but the fnmatch module can be handy in other situations, e.g. when doing a tree traversal using os.walk.

回答4:

[s for s in os.listdir() if os.path.splitext(s) == 'f']

回答5:

Try this:

from os import listdir

extension = '.wantedExtension'

mypath = r'my\path'

filesWithExtension = [ f for f in listdir(mypath) if f[(len(f) - len(extension)):len(f)].find(extension)>=0 ]

来源：https://stackoverflow.com/questions/3122514/python-os-listdir-alternative-certain-extensions