问题
During my build process I'm trying to copy a folder to the artifacts folder (\myserver\d$\TFBuild-Agent01\66\a).
So I put this in the .csproj file:
<Target Name="BeforeBuild">
<Exec
Command="xcopy.exe Databases "$(Build.ArtifactStagingDirectory)\Databases" /i /e /y /d" />
</Target>
This gets me
Error MSB4184: The expression """.ArtifactStagingDirectory" cannot be evaluated. Method 'System.String.ArtifactStagingDirectory' not found*
Everything I can find online says that $(Build.ArtifactStagingDirectory) is the way to do it. But it doesn't work.
Building with Visual Studio 2015 on TFS 2015
This doesn't work either:
<Exec
Command="xcopy.exe Databases "$($Env:BUILD_ARTIFACTSTAGINGDIRECTORY)\Databases" /i /e /y /d" />
The expression "$Env:BUILD_ARTIFACTSTAGINGDIRECTORY" cannot be evaluated.*
This doesn't error, but it looks like %BUILD_ARTIFACTSTAGINGDIRECTORY% gets replaced as an empty string:
<Exec Command="xcopy.exe Databases "%BUILD_ARTIFACTSTAGINGDIRECTORY%\Databases" /i /e /y /d" />
回答1:
You have been mixing ways to access the build variables that the agent allows you. The syntax using $(some.variable) is interpreted by the agent itself. MSBuild has a similar looking syntax - $(PropertyName) - which does something different - it gives access to msbuild properties and does not allow for dots (.) in it's name, since you can use the dot to call functions on the value (e.g. $(OutputPath.Substring(3))).
When you want to reference build variables from MSBuild, you need to reference the environment variable that the agent sets. This is possible because MSBuild makes all environment variables accessible as global properties using its property syntax. The environment variable for Build.ArtifactStagingDirectory is BUILD_ARTIFACTSTAGINGDIRECTORY so you can use it in MSBuild using $(BUILD_ARTIFACTSTAGINGDIRECTORY).
I have been using it successfully in this script to default a property when run as part of a TFS/VSTS build (PublishBaseDir is a custom property used later):
<PropertyGroup>
<!-- Default artifact staging directory when built via VSTS / TFS agent -->
<PublishBaseDir Condition="'$(PublishBaseDir)' == '' and '$(BUILD_ARTIFACTSTAGINGDIRECTORY)' != '' ">$(BUILD_ARTIFACTSTAGINGDIRECTORY)</PublishBaseDir>
<!-- If not built on a known agent, use a "publish" subdir next to this file -->
<PublishBaseDir Condition="'$(PublishBaseDir)' == ''">$(MSBuildThisFileDirectory)publish\</PublishBaseDir>
<!-- Normalize directory if set manually or through ENV var -->
<PublishBaseDir Condition="!HasTrailingSlash('$(PublishBaseDir)')">$(PublishBaseDir)\</PublishBaseDir>
</PropertyGroup>
回答2:
OK, I guess that because I'm using Visual Studio to build my solution, I can't access $(Build.StagingDirectory) from the .csproj. However, it's being passed on the command line to the "Visual Studio Build" build step as a property:
/p:OutDir="$(Build.StagingDirectory)"
So that can be accessed by doing
<Exec Command="xcopy.exe Databases "$(OutDir)\Databases" /i /e /y /d" />
来源：https://stackoverflow.com/questions/44972712/cant-access-artifactstagingdirectory-variable-in-msbuild