Is there a way to go back when reading a file using seek and calls to next()?

问题

I'm writing a Python script to read a file, and when I arrive at a section of the file, the final way to read those lines in the section depends on information that's given also in that section. So I found here that I could use something like

fp = open('myfile')
last_pos = fp.tell()
line = fp.readline()
while line != '':
  if line == 'SPECIAL':
  fp.seek(last_pos)
  other_function(fp)
  break
last_pos = fp.tell()
line = fp.readline()

Yet, the structure of my current code is something like the following:

fh = open(filename)

# get generator function and attach None at the end to stop iteration
items = itertools.chain(((lino,line) for lino, line in enumerate(fh, start=1)), (None,))
item = True

  lino, line = next(items)

  # handle special section
  if line.startswith['SPECIAL']:

    start = fh.tell()

    for i in range(specialLines):
      lino, eline = next(items)
      # etc. get the special data I need here

    # try to set the pointer to start to reread the special section  
    fh.seek(start)

    # then reread the special section

But this approach gives the following error:

telling position disabled by next() call

Is there a way to prevent this?

回答1:

Using the file as an iterator (such as calling next() on it or using it in a for loop) uses an internal buffer; the actual file read position is further along the file and using .tell() will not give you the position of the next line to yield.

If you need to seek back and forth, the solution is not to use next() directly on the file object but use file.readline() only. You can still use an iterator for that, use the two-argument version of iter():

fileobj = open(filename)
fh = iter(fileobj.readline, '')

Calling next() on fileiterator() will invoke fileobj.readline() until that function returns an empty string. In effect, this creates a file iterator that doesn't use the internal buffer.

Demo:

>>> fh = open('example.txt')
>>> fhiter = iter(fh.readline, '')
>>> next(fhiter)
'foo spam eggs\n'
>>> fh.tell()
14
>>> fh.seek(0)
0
>>> next(fhiter)
'foo spam eggs\n'

Note that your enumerate chain can be simplified to:

items = itertools.chain(enumerate(fh, start=1), (None,))

although I am in the dark why you think a (None,) sentinel is needed here; StopIteration will still be raised, albeit one more next() call later.

To read specialLines count lines, use itertools.islice():

for lino, eline in islice(items, specialLines):
    # etc. get the special data I need here

You can just loop directly over fh instead of using an infinite loop and next() calls here too:

with open(filename) as fh:
    enumerated = enumerate(iter(fileobj.readline, ''), start=1):
    for lino, line in enumerated:
        # handle special section
        if line.startswith['SPECIAL']:
            start = fh.tell()

            for lino, eline in islice(items, specialLines):
                # etc. get the special data I need here

            fh.seek(start)

but do note that your line numbers will still increment even when you seek back!

You probably want to refactor your code to not need to re-read sections of your file, however.

回答2:

I'm not an expert with version 3 of Python, but it seems like you're reading using generator that yields lines that are read from file. Thus you can have only one-side direction.

You'll have to use another approach.

来源：https://stackoverflow.com/questions/22688505/is-there-a-way-to-go-back-when-reading-a-file-using-seek-and-calls-to-next

标签

python

python-3.x

seek

tell