Python: Split string by list of separators

问题

In Python, I'd like to split a string using a list of separators. The separators could be either commas or semicolons. Whitespace should be removed unless it is in the middle of non-whitespace, non-separator characters, in which case it should be preserved.

Test case 1: ABC,DEF123,GHI_JKL,MN OP
Test case 2: ABC;DEF123;GHI_JKL;MN OP
Test case 3: ABC ; DEF123,GHI_JKL ; MN OP

Sounds like a case for regular expressions, which is fine, but if it's easier or cleaner to do it another way that would be even better.

Thanks!

回答1:

This should be much faster than regex and you can pass a list of separators as you wanted:

def split(txt, seps):
    default_sep = seps[0]

    # we skip seps[0] because that's the default separator
    for sep in seps[1:]:
        txt = txt.replace(sep, default_sep)
    return [i.strip() for i in txt.split(default_sep)]

How to use it:

>>> split('ABC ; DEF123,GHI_JKL ; MN OP', (',', ';'))
['ABC', 'DEF123', 'GHI_JKL', 'MN OP']

Performance test:

import timeit
import re


TEST = 'ABC ; DEF123,GHI_JKL ; MN OP'
SEPS = (',', ';')


rsplit = re.compile("|".join(SEPS)).split
print(timeit.timeit(lambda: [s.strip() for s in rsplit(TEST)]))
# 1.6242462980007986

print(timeit.timeit(lambda: split(TEST, SEPS)))
# 1.3588597209964064

And with a much longer input string:

TEST = 100 * 'ABC ; DEF123,GHI_JKL ; MN OP , '

print(timeit.timeit(lambda: [s.strip() for s in rsplit(TEST)]))
# 130.67168392999884

print(timeit.timeit(lambda: split(TEST, SEPS)))
# 50.31940778599528

回答2:

Using regular expressions, try

[s.strip() for s in re.split(",|;", string)]

[t.strip() for s in string.split(",") for t in s.split(";")]

without.

回答3:

Taking the above answer, with your test cases, you want to use a regular expression, and one or more separation characters. In your case, the separation characters seem to be ',', '|', ';' and whitespace. Whitespace in python is '\w', so the comprehension is:

import re
list = [s for s in re.split("[,|;\W]+", string)]

I cannot reply to sven's answer above, but I split on one or more of the characters inside the brackets, and don't have to use the strip() method.

Yikes, I didn't read the question correctly... Sven's answer with the strip works; mine assumes the whitespace is another separation.

回答4:

>>> re.split('\s*,\s*|\s*;\s*', 'a , b; cdf')
['a', 'b', 'cdf']

来源：https://stackoverflow.com/questions/4697006/python-split-string-by-list-of-separators

标签

python

regex

split

separator