Using unmanaged pointer to callback function on managed C++

问题

I am writing C++/CLI a wrapper for some C++ libraries (static .lib, no source code available) controlling Digital I/O pins on an industrial computer.

My objective is to handle the events of the DIO pins on an existing C# application using .NET CLR.

The only viable option I could think of is to use a delegate in C++/CLI to fire events when the pin state changes (informed by the existing lib), and then handle these events in the C# part. I have tried the basic functionality using simpler mock objects here: Firing events in C++ and handling them in C#

My problem is that the function used by the libraries to register the callback when a pin changes expects a (unmanaged) pointer to function, and I don't know how to glue all this out. The signature of this function (from the header file that accompany the libraries) is as follows:

typedef void (__stdcall* COS_INT_CALLBACK)(COS_INT_CALLBACK_ARG* arg);
BOOL RegisterCallbackDICOS(COS_INT_CALLBACK callback);   

I tried calling an EventHandler delegate from unmanaged code, but of course this can't work:

#include "stdafx.h"
#include <WDT_DIO.H>
#include <string.h>
#include <stdio.h>

using namespace System;
using namespace System::Runtime::InteropServices;

public ref class PinStateChangedEventArgs : public EventArgs
{
public:
    property int Direction;
    property DateTime TimeReached;
};

public ref class CppDIOHandler
{
private:

public:
    CppDIOHandler() {

};
    void StartDIO() {
        //Step 1, initialize DIO library by invoking InitDIO()
        if (!InitDIO())
        {
            Console::WriteLine("InitDIO --> FAILED");
            return;
        }
        Console::WriteLine("InitDIO --> PASSED");

        //Step 2, setup Change-of-State Interrupt mask and level/edge mode
        COS_INT_SETUP setup;
        memset(&setup, 0, sizeof(setup));
        setup.portMask = 0x0f; // 00001111b, enable ch.0~3
        setup.edgeMode = 0x00; // generate interrupt on level change
        setup.edgeType = 0x00; // rising/falling edge, only effective when edgeMode = 1

        if (!SetupDICOS(&setup, sizeof(setup)))
        {
            Console::WriteLine("SetupDICOS --> FAILED");
            return;
        }
        Console::WriteLine("SetupDICOS --> PASSED");

        //Step 3, register the callback function
        if (!RegisterCallbackDICOS(callback_function))
        {
            Console::WriteLine("RegisterCallbackDICOS --> FAILED");
            return;
        }
        Console::WriteLine("RegisterCallbackDICOS --> PASSED");
        //Step 4, start the DI Change-of-State Interrupt
        if (!StartDICOS())
        {
            Console::WriteLine("StartDICOS --> FAILED");
            return;
        }
        Console::WriteLine("StartDICOS --> PASSED");
    }

    void TriggerEvent(int direction)
    {
            PinStateChangedEventArgs^ args = gcnew PinStateChangedEventArgs();
            args->Direction = direction;
            args->TimeReached = DateTime::Now;
            OnPinStateChanged(args);
    }

    event EventHandler<PinStateChangedEventArgs^>^ PinStateChanged;

protected:
    virtual void OnPinStateChanged(PinStateChangedEventArgs^ e)
    {
        PinStateChanged(this, e);
    }
};

#pragma unmanaged 
//Step 0, define a Change-of-State Interrupt callback function
void __stdcall callback_function(COS_INT_CALLBACK_ARG* arg)
{
    printf("data=0x%02x, flag=0x%02x, seq=%02d\n",
        arg->portData, arg->intrFlag, arg->intrSeq);
    //Here should go some code to trigger an event with the managed delegate
    //The following can't be used on unmanaged code
    CppDIOHandler^ dh = gcnew CppDIOHandler();
    dh->TriggerEvent(1);
}
#pragma managed  

void main()
{
    return;
}

Is there any proper way to do this? Either a bypass for the previous code to work or any way of using my "PinStateChanged" delegate as callback function is valid to me.

回答1:

Using the information and the link provided by Hans Passant I got it working. The code ended as follows (might need some cleanup):

#include "stdafx.h"
#include <WDT_DIO.H>
#include <string.h>
#include <stdio.h>

using namespace System;
using namespace System::Runtime::InteropServices;

public ref class PinStateChangedEventArgs : public EventArgs
{
public:
    property int Direction;
    property DateTime TimeReached;
};

public ref class CppDIOHandler
{
public:
    CppDIOHandler() {}

    delegate void CallbackDelegate(COS_INT_CALLBACK_ARG*);

    void __stdcall callback_function(COS_INT_CALLBACK_ARG* arg)
    {
        printf("data=0x%02x, flag=0x%02x, seq=%02d\n",
            arg->portData, arg->intrFlag, arg->intrSeq);
        TriggerEvent(1);
    }


    static void StartDIO() {
        //Step 1, initialize DIO library by invoking InitDIO()
        if (!InitDIO())
        {
            Console::WriteLine("InitDIO --> FAILED");
            return;
        }
        Console::WriteLine("InitDIO --> PASSED");

        //Step 2, setup Change-of-State Interrupt mask and level/edge mode
        COS_INT_SETUP setup;
        memset(&setup, 0, sizeof(setup));
        setup.portMask = 0x0f; // 00001111b, enable ch.0~3
        setup.edgeMode = 0x00; // generate interrupt on level change
        setup.edgeType = 0x00; // rising/falling edge, only effective when edgeMode = 1

        if (!SetupDICOS(&setup, sizeof(setup)))
        {
            Console::WriteLine("SetupDICOS --> FAILED");
            return;
        }
        Console::WriteLine("SetupDICOS --> PASSED");

        CppDIOHandler^ cdh = gcnew CppDIOHandler();
        CallbackDelegate^ callback = gcnew CallbackDelegate(cdh, &callback_function);
        IntPtr stubPointer = Marshal::GetFunctionPointerForDelegate(callback);
        COS_INT_CALLBACK functionPointer = static_cast<COS_INT_CALLBACK>(stubPointer.ToPointer());
        GC::KeepAlive(callback);

        //Step 3, register the callback function
        if (!RegisterCallbackDICOS(functionPointer))
        {
            Console::WriteLine("RegisterCallbackDICOS --> FAILED");
            return;
        }
        Console::WriteLine("RegisterCallbackDICOS --> PASSED");
        //Step 4, start the DI Change-of-State Interrupt
        if (!StartDICOS())
        {
            Console::WriteLine("StartDICOS --> FAILED");
            return;
        }
        Console::WriteLine("StartDICOS --> PASSED");
    }

    void TriggerEvent(int direction)
    {
            PinStateChangedEventArgs^ args = gcnew PinStateChangedEventArgs();
            args->Direction = direction;
            args->TimeReached = DateTime::Now;
            OnPinStateChanged(args);
    }

    event EventHandler<PinStateChangedEventArgs^>^ PinStateChanged;

    virtual void OnPinStateChanged(PinStateChangedEventArgs^ e)
    {
        PinStateChanged(this, e);
    }
};

void main()
{
    return;
}

来源：https://stackoverflow.com/questions/50695113/using-unmanaged-pointer-to-callback-function-on-managed-c