问题
I often find myself typing this:
git push remote1 branch1 branch2 tag1 tag2 tag3..
git push remote2 branch1 branch2 tag1 tag2 tag3..
I would prefer an alias where I can type this instead:
git pushall branch1 branch2 tag1 tag2 tag3 ..
Note: I am aware I could create a new remote "all" with multiple urls. Let's not discuss this here, but focus on the alias instead!
I am ok to hardcode the remote names, because I have a number of projects with the same multiple remote names (usually "drupal" and "github").
Progress so far
I already figured out a non-variadic version:
[alias]
pushall = "!git push github $1; git push drupal $1; #"
Two tricks here were
- using double quotes to prevent ';' from having a special meaning in
.inifiles #to ignore the rest of the line.
But this only pushes one branch (or tag) at a time. So I would have to type this:
git pushall branch1
git pushall branch2
git pushall tag1
git pushall tag2
git pushall tag3
...
I would prefer an alias where I can type this:
git pushall branch1 branch2 tag1 tag2 tag3 ..
Why not a new remote "all" with multiple push urls?
As said, let's focus on the aliases, so that readers find what they are looking for.
Anyway, here is why I am not creating a remote "all":
- I would have to do this once per project, and could not do it globally. In my case, hardcoding the remote names in a global alias is actually fine!
- Afaik, I would pollute my history with refs like "all/branch1" instead of or in addition to "remote1/branch1" and "remote2/branch1".
The correct place to discuss this would be here, pull/push from multiple remote locations
See also
The following are related, but they do not address variadic parameters:
- Git Alias - Multiple Commands and Parameters
- Syntax for Git aliases with multiple commands
- Git alias with positional parameters
The following might be helpful, but it addresses pure shell script, not specifically git aliases:
- How to iterate over arguments in a Bash script
回答1:
This really is answered by the other questions which you linked to, but for clarity:
[alias]
pushall = "!git push github \"$@\"; git push drupal \"$@\"; :"
Or setting from the command line:
git config --global alias.pushall '!git push github "$@"; git push drupal "$@"; :'
回答2:
By extending your initial attempt:
[alias]
pushall = "!git push github $@; git push drupal"
This way, git pushall branch1 branch2 branch3 expands to:
git push github branch1 branch2 branch3; git push drupal branch1 branch2 branch3
# | | | |
# +-------+-------+ +-------+-------+
# these arguments were | |
# expanded from $@ --------+ |
# |
# these are the arguments of the original command -+
$@ expands to all command line arguments.
There is no need for # at the end of line; the fragment git pushall is replaced by the value of the alias, the rest of the argument
If you have a bigger list of remote repositories you can write it this way:
[alias]
pushall = "!for repo in github drupal bitbucket; do git push $repo $@; done #"
# | |
# +-------+-------+
# put all your repos here |
# separated by spaces ------------+
This time the # sign is required. It turns the original arguments into a comment; otherwise the command has syntax errors and it doesn't run.
If you want to push to all the remotes of the repository then you can write a smarter alias:
pushall = "! for repo in $(git remote); do git push $repo $@; done #"
It runs git remote to find all the remotes and uses command substitution to replace $(...) with the output of the git remote command before continuing.
You can define it as a global alias using:
$ git config alias.pusha '! for repo in $(git remote); do git push $repo $@; done #'
If you have some repos where you don't want to push to all remotes, you can define it as a local alias and customize the list of remotes in each repo using thi command while you are in the repository:
$ git config --local alias.pusha '! for repo in github drupal; do git push $repo $@; done #'
回答3:
The idiom to package an arbitrary script into a git alias is to put it inside a shell function:
pushall = "! f() { git push github \"$@\"; git push drupal \"$@\"; }; f"
I want to point out that the correct use of $@ is to place it inside double-quotes: "$@".
回答4:
Just for the record, the following "cheat" does work. It is not really a complete answer but it might be good enough for many.
[alias]
pushall = "!git push github $1 $2 $3 $4 $5; git push drupal $1 $2 $3 $4 $5; :"
Yes this is not truly variadic, because it is limited to 5 parameters (or whichever number you choose when creating the alias). Also it cannot pass options like --key=value. But as said it might be just good enough for you.
In my specific use case, most of the time I just push one branch and one release tag, so two parameters ($1 $2) would be enough.
Note that : at the end seems to have the same effect as #. I learned this somewhere else here on stackoverflow.
I will not "accept" this answer, because I want to leave the opportunity for someone to come up with something better.
来源：https://stackoverflow.com/questions/41372919/git-alias-multiple-commands-variadic-parameters