How is possible to combine 'excludes' with 'default' in schema?

问题

field_1 must be 0 by default, but not allowed with field_2. My try:

from cerberus import Validator

schema = {
    'value_1': {
        'type': 'integer',
        'default': 0
    },
    'value_2': {
        'type': 'integer',
        'excludes': ['value_1', ]
    }
}
v = Validator(schema)

for doc in [{}, {'value_2': 1}, {'value_2': 1, 'value_2': 1}]:
    if not v.validate(doc, schema):
        print(v.errors)
    else:
        print(v.normalized(doc))

I got:

{'value_1': 0}
{'value_2': ["'value_1' must not be present with 'value_2'"]}
{'value_2': ["'value_1' must not be present with 'value_2'"]}

I want to validate second document without errors with normalized result {'value_1': 0, 'value_2': 1}. How can I achieve the desired result?

EDIT More clear explanation of my goals:
- I want to raise error if value_1 and value_2 exists in incoming document, but set 0 to value_1 if this key not exists in document.
- I want to do it inside cerberus validation/normalization procedure and want to solve it by changing validation schema or validator

回答1:

Quick Answer (TL;DR)

validation and normalization can always be separated into distinct steps

Detailed Answer

Context

python 2.7
cerberus data-structure validation and normalization tool

Problem

Scenario: Developer ElRusoDevoWoze wishes to combine validation with data normalization, in order to provide default values for missing fields.

Solution

separate data validation from data normalization

Rationale

rationale ;; validation and normalization can be thought of as separate processes
- proc1 ;; distinguish unacceptable inputs from acceptable inputs
  - (garbage vs treasure)
  - (authenticated vs unauthenticated)
  - (well-formed vs non-well-formed)
- proc2 ;; optimize the content of acceptable inputs

Example

The following example creates and applies two schemas

One schema provides the default values, the other does the validation

import pprint
import yaml
from cerberus import Validator
pass

schema_vali = yaml.safe_load('''
  value_1:
    type:       integer
    excludes:   value_2
    required:   True
  value_2:
    type:       integer
    excludes:   value_1
    required:   True
''')
pass

schema_norm = yaml.safe_load('''
  value_1:
    default:    0
''')
pass

sample_docs = yaml.safe_load('''
  ¯ {}                            ## doc0
  ¯ {'value_1': 1}                ## doc1
  ¯ {'value_2': 1}                ## doc2
  ¯ {'value_1': 1, 'value_2': 1}  ## doc3
  ''')
pass

vccvali = Validator(schema_vali)
vccnorm = Validator(schema_norm)
pass

for ijj,doc in enumerate(sample_docs):
  if vccnorm.validate(doc):
    print("{ijj} NORM-YESS! -->".format(ijj=ijj)),
    print(vccnorm.normalized(doc))
    doc = vccnorm.normalized(doc)
  if not vccvali.validate(doc):
    print("{ijj} VALI-NOPE! -->".format(ijj=ijj)),
    print(vccvali.errors)
  else:
    print("{ijj} VALI-YESS! -->".format(ijj=ijj)),
    print(vccvali.normalized(doc))
    doc = vccnorm.normalized(doc)
pass

Output result

  0 NORM-YESS! --> {'value_1': 0}
  0 VALI-YESS! --> {'value_1': 0}
  1 NORM-YESS! --> {'value_1': 1}
  1 VALI-YESS! --> {'value_1': 1}
  2 VALI-YESS! --> {'value_2': 1}
  3 VALI-NOPE! --> {'value_1': ["'value_2' must not be present with 'value_1'"], 'value_2': ["'value_1' must not be present with 'value_2'"]}

回答2:

This is just upon understanding your requirement. And this works.

from cerberus import Validator

schema = {
    'value_1': {
        'type': 'integer',
        'default': 0,
    },
    'value_2': {
        'type': 'integer',
        'excludes': ['value_1']
    }
}

v = Validator(schema)

for doc in [{}, {'value_2': 1}, {'value_2': 2, 'value_1': 3}]:
    print('Doc: {}'.format(doc))
    n_doc = {}
    if not v.validate(doc, schema):
        print('Error: {}'.format(v.errors))
        n_doc = v.normalized(doc)
        n_doc.update(v.normalized({}))
    else:
        n_doc = v.normalized(doc)
    print('Result: {}'.format(n_doc))

Result:

Doc: {}
Result: {'value_1': 0}
Doc: {'value_2': 1}
Error: {'value_2': ["'value_1' must not be present with 'value_2'"]}
Result: {'value_1': 0, 'value_2': 1}
Doc: {'value_1': 3, 'value_2': 2}
Error: {'value_2': ["'value_1' must not be present with 'value_2'"]}
Result: {'value_1': 0, 'value_2': 2}

来源：https://stackoverflow.com/questions/49203204/how-is-possible-to-combine-excludes-with-default-in-schema

标签

python

validation

cerberus